THE AKIZONA HOODED ORIOLE. 479 



The type specimen, No. 20225 (PL 7, Fig. 1), from a set of three 

 Bendire collection, was taken by the writer on Rillito Creek, near Tucson, 

 Arizona, on July 17, 1872, and represents a well-marked specimen; while No. 

 20227 (PI. 7, Fig. 2), also from a set of three, taken by the writer in the same 

 vicinity, on August 25, 1872, represents a handsome and peculiar style of color- 

 ation, which is also occasionally found among the eggs of the Hooded Oriole, 

 but not often among either. 



188. Icterus spurius (Linnaeus). 



ORCHARD ORIOLE. 



Oriolus spurius Linn^us, Systeina Nature, ed. 12, 1, 1766, 162. 



Icterus spurius Bonaparte, Journal Academy Natural Sciences, Phila., Ill, 1823, 363. 

 (B 414, C 215, B 270, C 324, U 506.) 



Geographical range: Eastern United States; north to the southern border of the 

 Dominion oi Canada, regularly to southern Ontario, casually to southern New Brunswick ; 

 west to eastern North and South Dakota, Nebraska, eastern Colorado, Kansas, the Indian 

 Territory, and Texas; south in winter through Central America to Panama. 



The breeding range of the Orchard Oriole is confined to the eastern and 

 central parts of the United States, reaching from northern Florida along the 

 Gulf coast west to the lower Rio Grande Valley, in Texas ; thence north (except- 

 ing the northwestern parts of this State) through the Indian Territory, Kansas, 

 and Nebraska, to eastern South and North Dakota. In the Mississippi Valley it 

 reaches about the northern limits of its range in Minnesota and southern North 

 Dakota, in about latitude 46°, while along the Atlantic coast, in the New Eng- 

 land States and in New York, it is rarely met with north of latitude 42°. It 

 breeds sparingly in southern Ontario, in the Dominion of Canada, and undoubt- 

 edly also to some extent, in favorable localities, somewhat farther north than the 

 points indicated above, especially so in Minnesota; it may also breed in small 

 numbers in eastern Colorado. Mr. Frank M. Chapman reports it as a rare 

 summer resident at Gainesville, Florida. Its center of abundance is to be found 

 in the States bordering the Mississippi Valley. 



Throughout its range in the United States it is only a summer visitor, and 

 none remain with us during the winter. It reenters our southern border about 

 April 1, moving leisurely northward and reaching its more northern breeding 

 grounds from a month to six weeks later, according to the season, the males 

 usually preceding the females by several days. 



The Orchard Oriole, though far less brilliantly colored than its eastern 

 congener, the Baltimore Oriole, is equally well known though not quite as con- 

 spicuous. It is a restless, impulsive, but well-dispositioned bird, on good terms 

 with its neighbors, and, though not particularly shy, it is nevertheless difficult to 

 observe closely, as it generally conceals itself in the densest foliage while at rest, 

 or else flits quickly about from twig to twig in search of insects, on which it 

 lives almost exclusively throughout the summer months. 



