446 REPORT UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 



small boards. Upon the floor and a little to the right of the centre as 

 we enter the room is a raised enclosure of whitewashed adobe, about 2 

 by 3 feet in dimensions and 8 or 10 inches above the floor. Inside it is 

 at least 2 feet deep, but was filled nearly full with dust and dirt and 

 the excrement of small animals. 1 scratched around in the mass to 

 the bottom without finding anything of interest. In point of size, the 

 rooms of this ruin will average larger than in most of the others ; the 

 twenty-eight rooms as they appear on the outer circumference average 

 20 feet in length from wall to wall inside. The smallest, which are only 

 10 feet wide, are at the two ends. The width of the rooms of each tier 

 appears to have been constant throughout the length of the whole ruin. 

 The dimensions given in these drawings are, in nearly every case, of 

 those apartments which constitute the second story, as it is in those that 

 there is the least obscuration of the walls. 



In most of the ruins the first floor is almost entirely filled up with 

 debris; but when the walls can be followed they show that this floor is 

 generally divided into much smaller apartments, two or three occurring 

 sometimes in place of each one above them. The eastern half of the 

 ellipse, as above said, consists of a single continuous line of small apart- 

 ments, with a uniform width of 13 feet inside and an average length of 

 20 feet. By a curious coincidence the same number of rooms are in this 

 row as in the outer tier of the main building. The walls of the central 

 portion, for a distance of about 200 feet, are in fair preservation, stand- 

 ing in places 6 to 8 feet in height, the dividing walls showing apertures 

 leading from one room to another. They are built of stones uniform in 

 size, averaging 6 by 9 by 3^ inches; mortar was used between the stones 

 instead of the small plates of stone. At both ends, for a distance of some 

 200 feet from the point of juncture with the main building, the walls are 

 entirely levelled, but enough remains to show the dimensions of each 

 apartment. Twenty yards from the south end of the main building are 

 the ruins of a great circular room 50 feet in diameter, with some portions 

 of its interior wall in such preservation that its character is readily dis- 

 cernible. No masonry appears in connection with the exterior of the 

 great mound, of which the cylindrical wall is the centre. At the north 

 end there is another circular room of about 25 feet diameter, but this is 

 surrounded by other rectangular apartments, and also by walls that prob- 

 ably terraced up the sloping surface. 



PUEBLO ALTO AND STONE STAIRWAYS. 



During the three days while engaged in the examination of the ruins 

 from the Pueblo Una Vida to PeQasca Blanca, we made our camp in the 

 bottom of the arroyo, about 250 yards below the Pueblo Del Arroyo, where 

 we had found a few shallow pools of a thick, pasty water, the only remains 

 of some recent shower. There was also considerable new grass just 

 springing up among the willows and young cotton woods, which extended 

 half a mile above and below us, that was much relished by our half- 

 starved mules, besides which the perpendicular sides of the arroyo served 

 excellently as a corrall to restrain their wanderings. From this point we 

 extended our trips up and down the caiion, returning to it each night, as 

 affording the only water in the whole neighborhood. 



While engaged about the ruin last described, I accidentally discovered 

 with my field-glasses some ruined walls upon the summit of the bluff and 

 apparently about half a mile back of either the Pueblo Bonito or Chettro 

 Kettle. There was so little visible that I could not locate it much nearer. 

 Having a couple of hours to spare before sunset one evening, I set about 



