12 Cynipidae 



4. Capsules in bud, blasting it completely or so only a few deformed and imperfect 

 leaves issue. — 



Dryophanta clarkei Bass. '90, p. 69, cf 9 , Q. alba, Mass. Early spring. 



Capsules fill the bud. 

 NeuroteruscongregatusGill. '93, p. 166, cf, Col. May 17. ^ 



Bud becomes a mass of pubescent capsules. 

 Neuroterus minutus Bass. '81, p. 96-97 (Cynips), cf 9 , Q. alba, Conn. 



Leaves aborted, galls irregular, clustered in bud (polythalamous, 2-6 mm.) 

 Neuroterus vernus Gill. '90, p. 22-23, 9 , Q. niacrocarpa, Iowa. (1) May, (2) June. 



Minute oval galls amid aborted leaves as with N. minuta. 



V. Galls of the leaves: (In some of the larger oak-apples the originating leaf is wholly 

 aborted and the gall issues directly from the twig or bud.) It is not possible to as- 

 sign these naturally to their groups in all cases. 



1. Galls on the petiole of the leaf — 



Cynips sulcatus Ash. '97, p. 123, 9 , Q. virens, Ariz. Mar., Apr. Rounded, size of pea. 

 Callirhyiis. 



Dryophanta Carolina Ash. '87b, p. 145, 9 , Q- alba, N. C. Feb. Small, hard; highly attached. 



Holcaspis arizonica Cockerell '02, p. 183, 9 , Q- arizonica. Apr. 19. 



Globular, polythalamous, base of petiole. 



Neuroterus minutus Bass. 



Neuroterus vernus Gill. 



2. Gall a swelling of the mid-vein, or sometimes of the petiole — ■ 

 (A)' Swellings abrupt. 



Andricus petiolicola Bass. '63, p. 324-325 (Cynips), cf 9 , Q. alba, Q. montana, Q. prinoides, Conn.; 

 = 0. S. '61, p. 66-67, No. 18, Q. prinus (see 0. S. '65, p. 351): Beut. '04, Q. alba, Q. 

 prinus, Q. platanoides, Q. minor, N. Y. : Cat. Q. alba, Q. prinus, Q. bicolor, Q. obtu- 

 siloba, N. Y. : Cook '05, p. 830, Q. alba, Q. prinus, Q. bicolor, Q. obtusiloba, Ind. : 

 Beach '95, Iowa: Gill. '89, Q. alba, Q. macrocarpa, Q. bicolor, Iowa, Mich. Fly July 

 5:Wa,\sh. '64, p. 4:87, Q. discolor, Q. prinus. III. June, July. 

 Harvard Coll. Q. alba, Q. prinus, Q. tinctoria, Mass. 

 Andricus cicatriculus Bass. '81, pp. 101; Bass. '90, p. 80, cf 9 , Q. alba. Conn. 



Q. alba, Q. prinus, Q. prinoides, R. I., Mass. Fly late June, plate 3, 171. 

 Callirhytis parvifoliae Ash. '87b, p. 138, 9 , Q. parvifolia, Fla. 



Polythalamous, indented above and rounded below lamina. 

 Callirhytis reticulata Bass. '90, p. 74-75, 9 , Q. virens (?), N. Mex. Much Uke cicatricula. 

 Andricus morrisoni Ash. '97, p. 116-117, cf 9 , Ariz., June 23. 



Above and below lamina at base of blade, fleshy, polythalamous. 

 Andricus quinqueseptum Ash. '85b, p. 299-300, cf , Q. obtusiloba, Fla. July. 



Base of blade, monothalamous, conical above, rounded below; partitioned. 



(B) Less abrupt and localized enlargements of mid-vein (or more rarely of lateral 

 veins and petiole). 



Callirhytis tumifica 0. S. '65, p. 356-357 (Cynips), cf 9 , Q? tinctoria, Q. rubra, N. Y.: Cook '05, 



Q. alba, Q. tinctoria, Ind.; Q. rubra, Mass. 

 Swollen mid-vein, plate 1, 47. 

 Callirhytis nigrae 0. S. '61, p. 66 (Cynips), cf 9 , Q.nigra and Q. rubra, D. C. Late June. Swelling 



along mid-vein. 



