8 Cynipidae 



III. Galls attached to Branches and Twigs: 



1. Bullet-galls: i. e., woody galls attached to the twigs, clustered or solitary — 



(A) Polythalamous. 



Andricus californicus Bass. '81, p. 51-53 (Cynips), 9 , Cal. White-oak. 



CaL, Oct. Subglobular, sessile. ~ 



Andricus pomiformis Bass. '81, p. 74-75 (Cynips), 9 , Q. agrifolia. 



Cal., Mar. 1. Globular. 

 Dryophanta pumiliventris Bass. '90, p. 69-70, d'. Ovoid, axillary. 

 *Andricus maxwelli Bass. '90, p. 83-84, cf 9 , Tex. Apr. 



Locus uncertain; may belong in II, 6. Probably twig gall. 

 *Andricus murtfeldtae Ash. '97, p. 117, 9, Mo.? 



Position on plant not stated. Irregular, pithy, spiny. 

 *Andricus congregatus Ash. '97, p. 120-121, 9 , Q. chrysolepis and Q. agrifolia. 



Cal. Pedunculate on twigs, 2x4 cm. 

 Andricus spongiola Gill. '94, p. 235-236, 9 , Q. garryana, Wash. 



Nov. Clustered, globular, brittle, 2-5 cm. 

 Holcaspis truckeensis Ash. '97, p. 127, 9 , Q. chnjsolepis var. vaccinifolia, Cal. In slit on twig. 



(B) Small, monothalamous, galls without a distinct central larval cell. 



(a) Situated in fissures in the twigs. 



Andricus difficilis Ash. '97, p. 143, 9 , Q. cinerea, Fla. 



Aug., Sept. Rugose in belts, 1-10 in., globular, clustered. 

 Andricus excavatus Ash. '97, p. 121, 9 , Q- rubra, N. C, N. E. 



Old wood. June 6. 5-6 mm. Fall to ground. 

 Andricus imbricarias Ash. '97, p. 122-123, 9 , Q. ilicifolia, Q. imbricaria, Mo. 



Sept., Oct. Hard, clustered. 



(b) Not inserted in fissures of the twigs. 



Andricus gemmarius Ash. '85, p. VIII-IX (Cynips), 9 , Q. cinerea, Fla. 



Spring of year before. Feb., Mar. Oblong, seed-hke, 1-10 in. long. 

 Trisolenia saltatus Ash. '87b, p. 142 (Andricus), 9 , Q- coccinea, Fla. 



Mar. Late fall. Ovoid, axillary, ribbed, 5 mm. long. 

 Cynips washingtonensis Gill. '94, p. 235, 9 , Q. garryana, Wash. 



Ovoid, monothalamous, on twigs; attached by point. 

 Andricus indistinctus Bass. '90, p. 81-82, 9 , Q. alba, Ohio. 



Thin-walled bullet gall, round, 3-16 in. 



(C) Typical bullet galls of pithy or woody substance with a central cell in which the 

 larva lives. This may be closely attached to the substance of the gall, or fill in a 

 larger or smaller cavity within the gall. 



(a) Globular or sub-globular in shape. 



Holcaspis globulus Fitch. 5. Kept., p. 810-811, fig. (Callaspidia), Q. alba, N. Y.: Bass. '63, p. 328- 

 9, Q. alba and Q. montana. Conn.: 0. S. '61, p. 67-69, Q. obtusiloba, Q. alba, Q. 

 prinus (?): Gill '89, Q. alba, Oct., Mich.: Patton '92, Q. pedunculata. Conn.: Cook 

 '05, p. 835, Q. alba, Ind.: Walsh '64, p. 639, Q. alba, Q. macrocarpa, Q. montana. 111.: 

 Bent. Cat., Q. alba, Q. obtusiloba, Q. prinus, N. Y.: Packard, p. 113, Mo.; Q. alba, 

 Q. stellata, Q. bicolor, Mass., R. I. 

 Globular, smooth, axillary, plate 3, 7. 



