kinini 
wi aina 
Txomson.—On the Cleansing of Towns, 45 
that it can discharge its full volume by gravitation about the time of low 
water.” 
Again; “ The maximum quantity of sewage to be lifted by the engines 
(at Crossness), will ordinarily be 10,000 cubic feet per minute, but during 
the night that quantity will be considerably reduced—while, on the other 
hand, it will be nearly doubled on oceasions of heavy rainfall. The lift will 
also vary from 10 to 80 feet, according to the level of the water in the 
sewer and in the reservoir into which it is lifted." “ The reservoir, which 
is 64 acres in extent, is covered by brick arches, supported on brick piers, 
and is furnished with weirs for overflows with a flushing culvert.” 
Again: ‘‘ The specifications provide that the whole of the cement shall 
be Portland cement of the very best quality, ground extremely fine, weigh- 
ing not less than 100lbs. to the bushel, capable of maintaining a breaking 
weight of 500lbs. to the bushel on 14 square inch, seven days after being 
made in an iron mould, and immersed in water during the intervening 
seven days.” 
Again: “ The total cost of the main drainage works when completed 
wil have been about £4,100,000." “The sum for defraying the cost of 
these works is raised by loan, and paid off by a 3d. rate levied in the 
metropolis, which produces £180,262 per annum, the rateable value being 
£14,421,011, and the principal and interest of the loan will be paid off in 
forty years.” 
* There are about 1,300 miles of sewers in London, and 82 miles of 
main intercepting sewers. 380,000,000 of bricks and 880,000 cubic yards 
of concrete have been consumed, and 8} million cubic yards of earth have 
been excavated in the execution of the main drainage works. The total 
pumping power employed is 2,880 nominal h.p. ; and if at full work night 
and day 44,000 tons of coals per annum would be consumed, but the 
average consumption is estimated at 20,000 tons.”’ 
* The sewage of the north side of the Thames at present amounts to 
10 million eubie feet per day, and on the south side to 4 million cubie feet 
per day; but provision is made for an anticipated increase up to 114 
millions on the north side, and 53 millions on the south side, in addition to 
281 million eubie feet of rainfall per diem on the north side, and 173 mil- 
lion cubic feet per diem on,the south side; or a total of 68 million cubic 
feet per diem, which is equal to a lake of 482 acres 8 feet deep, or fifteen 
times as large as the Serpentine in Hyde Park." 
Turning now to the labours of a deputation appointed by the Town 
Council and Board of Police of the city of Glasgow, to enquire into 
the methods of disposing of sewage adopted in various towns in England*, 
* Report dated October, 1877. 
