52 Transactions,—Miscellaneous, 
ment of dry collection and daily removal. The Deputation strongly com- 
mend, on sanitary grounds, the tub and pail system, which opinion has 
already had wide effects in the City of Glasgow, where the gain in health 
and decency is great and unquestionable. 
The Goux system was in operation at Halifax, but is not recommended 
on account of its want of simplicity. 
The earth-closet is supported as being admirably suited for country 
houses of the better class, but otherwise it is too costly to work. 
Lienur’s pneumatic system in operation in Holland, was not inspected 
by the Deputation, as it had not been adopted in England. However, they 
advance an opinion that, theoretically, it is perfect, since the whole of the 
excreta are converted into a highly portable and valuable manure, while all 
risk of sewer-gases being formed is entirely obviated, and all operations 
being conducted in vacuo are entirely free from offence. They then quote 
from a report to the Local Government Board, to wit :—“ As, however, the 
pneumatic only deals with a small fraction of the refuse to be removed 
from houses, leaving all other forms to be dealt with in the ordinary way, 
so Dutch town sewage must flow into the rivers and canals, as now, to 
pollute the water supply, or else some complicated mode of intercepting it 
must be provided at an additional cost to the local authorities. The 
pneumatic system is ingenious, but is complicated in its construction and 
working arrangements, and is liable to derangements which are sometimes 
difficult to mend. We do not know one English town in which the appara- 
tus, if adopted, would be other than a costly toy.”’ 
== The report of the Glasgow Deputation concludes with the following 
recommendations, viz. :— 
1. That the system of having water-closets for public works, factories, 
gaols, workhouses, infirmaries, and railway stations, should be forbidden, so 
as to reduce the quantity of water-closet sewage now turned into the river 
(Clyde); water-closets in small houses should also be discouraged. 
2. That ordinary privies and ashpits be altered to the tub and pail 
system, to be cleansed daily, as it has been carried out in Manchester and 
other important English cities and towns, and that special accommodation 
be provided for children. 
3. That all drains, soil and waste-pipes, and all apparatus connected 
with water-closets, sinks and baths, and their connections, be constructed 
under public supervision. 
4. That a complete system of ventilation of the common sewers 
throughout their entire length be immediately adopted. 
5. That a system of ventilation of the house-drains and soil-pipes, inde- 
