ХоткмвЕВ 30, 1861.] THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. : 1053 
meetings and incial exhibitions were gatherin | Grass, with stunted hedgerow- "Oaks, and here and | (5) for for the purchase of live stock. by which to consume 
IL for the гыйн? 54 of iE there a field of scrub and Gorse and Bramble. ilio gm een picea of the farm, and by viii м фанат 
the discussion of the | In its present condition it is worth from 107. to | the home su ts fertility must 
stock and implem and for the discuss t ld 
lt e learn {тош 4ће | 201. per acre. But the climate. is not against %; depend. 
coca ame: iet and give a sample of the soil to the chemist and he ub is plain that the amount which is made up of aged 
British Colonist that 9 кше росту was will tell you it is full of the food of plan ou vary exceedingly with the circumstance: 
celebrating its inauguration after a similar fashion | What the farmer wants is a key which - тч this the TT —(1 Rent t may not be asked for out of -— 
so far away as Victoria, the capital of Vancouver. pna Lind and ndi him t o turn t all; "the landlord „ару; сен ав elve month hs' credit 
n the 3d of Octo cultur: to Such a key Mr. Parsons i in їл тч ; tly essarily always does 
was held at Victoria :—** The first annual exhibi- lock, Љу К ner pà steam ploughing. He has a essentially out of the produce sor h the и у out of 
tion of the Виет held in the Victoria market staff of aged in draining these clay soils | the capital ES ch sede s ү Bas iam ie x 
- rilliant success." — The 31 and 4 8. дер. yy this is done he puts the | moreover, w aether long credit be given for i 
wc ^de nq n steam gh in, and turns the soil and a portion of — between Mns limits dE ч the quality н 
Hudson's Вау Com € exhibited etii and swine ob D оче ap tke Teki Tem be ыг Hui Ва Ө Ишт 
Mr. Bkionsr, of Constance Farm, exhibited t is an xplanation of the асе small | be өй may у Mg vie from 5s. to 5/. per 
- ewes and rams of the pure Southdown quantity of ve бтн ө оп ап ауе s acre, ааыа to e ded of the land and its 
reed.. Mr. MAcKzNzrE, of Craigflower, also had that this soil on its first tillage by steam java ris ни » neighbourhood to good m 
a of PR RW» C ра: stiff that but two furrows — m v^ a tim „(2 .) The amount needed 1 fe the purchase of farm i im- 
which carried о e prize.—Mileh cows On last Saturday, when I saw the аррага! wor varies 
breed not stated) from Mr. Turre and Master only two of 4 : piengha in the frame жетте of. таң needing to be done. “Stiff сага arable 
eet LrrrLE * called flattering enco- tra йау йон Mis ptas t| Fe culti тне hig ghly needs m p. ore costly eq T 
miums."—A bull of the Sussex breed, exhibited | one of the Ert waves o f land in which the surface | i lighter, рс Li ils more не - 
i lies, t probably two years out of every 
ы» e эү; эм, TU Df Dr. MS 7 ате d of it, was burnin . of coal in ке T3 of|fivei in ies and both need А rger outlay оп imple- 
during the ra c an iative Cerea from | turning ue Е у А more than 3 o than pasture m— The Seals cite 
Oregon for 300. dollars "dirt o бир judges say." |9-day, with only two mould-boards of the 1 pl ee i E | ora ыкы ad an acre Ars the 
n : "e apparatus 3 work. 1orse power perhaps from acre. his sup- 
Working oxen seem — and. bense) ые al nothing like a specimen of smooth did | poses steam power to be hired for ‘threshing purposes. 
robabl A the high estimation in which the Sussex | (ii, бойу the land was being thrown about -horse engine 
is held,—Specimens of Wheat, Barley, ыа rough hly as E It was а piece of M sd rough foul | and apparatus дарий 12 ог 14 Man and their 
Peas, Comm on and Bw edish ui шашу land, been perfectly он и and somewhat more, must be added to the 
seed, &c., sting part o 1 of the stiff | capital thus requir vu 
And the rt proves f satisfactorily t that 8 вой ol ot po^ countr last year was. 1& would pro-| (3.) The amount M for seed and manure is also 
not only d ке ое терр € carry. ү. eir by REY a the ploughing given now extremely variable, 10s. to 20s. "s Clover and 
E tendencies, activities, м plishe р ү тор x iom 2e ieia —€— : -— >» орз, 
at on 00 at i t Р probably from 10s. s. on the whole arable farm 
— Td Оя admi for them all driver during some of the edP жыйа of tha ашыны | wit Бе Deedod for the fornaee ; WAITS for the; Tani the 
Mod cd they find admirable scope for them all ‹ : у 
lim f that colon tart another iai LO reir and thus |sum required varies from nothing up to as much as 
allowed himself to suffer for his ood n another rent, according to the spirit of the farmer and 
8 g вр 
А ^» е e E The th и experience of the locality. There аге 
е "n DUM „аре Ж-а qa been вог much as it otherwise would have rem The | many fi ud w pay 17. per acre annyally for 
еі for the laboür бөзү the skill of all in fields | following "ів ле Ката of what has been ассош- artificial m um 
at home. But it is Sena right that those who ота since Only 180 acres have been (4). Tabor 1 риб 59 from 4s. or 5s. an acre оп Grass 
have made up their m inds to go should have all уот and cultivated from 5 to 9 inches deep in to ini M acre on our arable land. In the Handbook 
the information here that ean be obtained on the |4 field t Farm La 
cultural advant and resources to be met feld The wages paid have rannan to 16l, and 7824 
Ег с And it i Pata; by all that reaches us | fuel, water, and oil consumed have cost 347 The | [== нё - ages Mer on these farms were m 32s. 
from Vancouver, that there is no better field any- quarter's bill for repairs has eru 9l. 6s. 9d. рег jp or pto 4981. for the pasture, 33s. an 
kably hard and stiff, and acre for the ara 
where for farm e£ urers or active hardy young ye of the land was remarkably „ара, 
uld к - orses. | 
agrieulturists, w. hether labourers or employers. 
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utei amount ut 2s, or wages, about | and for extra уже frt is the last эзи оп the list. 
| 3s. 8d. an acre ет faol, Water кА oil: and about 4d. an | and this obvious l differ with the — ай de 
acre for repairs. — m s marvellonsly cheap for | 4ай, the adii of p €— and the r of 
v— work e ene ace wi jm w he case of pasture inh 
es nG -slow th oi 7 
Jĝ STEAM CULTIVATION. 
в 1400 ог 1500 f land, 
arable, has had b of Mr. е Fowler's steam ploughs going, 
since January 1860, He has a 12-horse-power 
Ee зеб old Mcr Ci е. Еч is new clip е 
, alsoa mn adit 
arrapgem аба: . 
peti 
rotations to play, 
аро), vantage but a saving to the tenant. Moi tity of meat coe к-не а 
During uv s boen in Ns hands ho Ep и eii la z^ ie from 30 lbs. less 
sedet vit it it d кгз and this, including all 4 or foxen.|one ewt. more. In the Бае case it is plain 
stoppages and hindrances, has beer cen in 185 Асы Now it: із managed by 16 horses and twi of | that the stock willnot need to be more than а sheep to 
г gd. ork, | oxen. ES or ^e horses and about 18° or ETP did every acre ог to every 13 acre; in the latter it may be 
ese 
г à have with. Receiving only | аз much as three sheep or more per acre. But th 
wages, i horse, t to y Я 
адау sending wat с sir and horse dins toros or|1 Мусу of Oats and half a bushel of еше weekly, | calculations do поб proceed upon the more economical 
four porter lads at ts. а day : add for water cart and | along with hay and hay el cha during 8 greg iot ec gpl rere Көе A ота ома - 
horse 6s. а day (which seems more than enough to |an and at Grass during the remainder of the year, I|pulped or steamed, and straw is cut po chaff, and 
imagine the cost of horse keep is der below the | much purchased food is cx so that the estimate of 
м da d costs 17, | instances at viget already more than once esti- | capital under this head may vary from 17. or less per 
dani Lie \ day, mie - i mated i it, an d pro bably i in agre food, interest, an nd acre, up to 57. ог more, or dd heavy crops of roots 
Tre deg pu x WIL rA бану " го 2 straw are grown and double crops of Vetches and 
, z узу sum of 300/. is t 
m working д E h gres The 3 teams of oxen Fede "- ee der Main м these items together, it e" E found that 
repairs, ха Mh ЭЗ Кылы; ied — profitable — Twelve oxen | the аяб required on arable land varies from" 77. to 
will eai uch as 120 sheep, and the wages ofthe 15l. per acre. Of these sums а vul ME will be 
; Sisi adt t эла lads employed with Mant inis the m te on entering the farm on valuation to the out- 
ч e f ths wh labour ailable, 
üntenance of value at 10 pt (the excessive wid TY it capi Te t е жав ат ill have spe 
беш of thia: Em "e sheep which ma: 
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- à y ado) 3 : oxen, 
history) minh pos These sums are in the owed | than 1501. ух n certain portions of the farm, - he may 
. pe Me А sum of 4501, is thus saved upon the farm by the es over by dee rie portions of the imple- 
amount p stoc which e has used upon the farm. 
wages; ds, Ud for x Sud Ла bd for торе; as has been accomp lished. But there cannot be ying p “most of of th 
pive S "Send Or um pen that more work will hereafter be — per | heads will not need to be paid until a = harvest, 
х d And thus not only will the ка when means may be ced for Eo porche of live 
this high Sm it must be remem- | кел draught кА be dispensed SR мо, апа MM the percent of ren of 
m. a great. part of it on some | the Fi pe advantage — immense on such stif n this wa; way the burden of Ан й зуи 
. Lying over clay land—o -deri — he MEI NOU к ай-е 
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а уеПоз cheese, which i management. | operation, but ' ihe tenant. ч 
ү Ee asked soil containing vta worn | My. Parso m poe r washing | enough in his occupation m be profitably undertaken 
fibts. The adapted for sheep c s and | the m and the curd during the d cheese-| by the latter. Almost 
is cultivated on the 4-course system. ock ОЁ | makin ai ea the same | application of capital to адеб. is th 
с 400 horned ewes is lambed down Ses winter | a« daa c ibed in these columns as the plan | great. extent of the island; 
| 000 head óf shee lease i hus 
year. Cr hese а dairy of about | -— а | land has been already re 
summered every 
80 cows, half of them Devons n the other half Mo ue T As a last wi t word upon ti iie о capital of the farm i it may be 
i d the of 
ES 
im | | €— 
and steers about 25 of each, 30 fatting steers, and 20| — MONEY is needed by the farmer in the prosecutio n of | capital, h however "rm ug be атоо, against the 
fatting heifers, are the live stock of the farm. Оп | his jn ess—(1) for Suyima of rent and taxes for "the er of 29 са and death, 
again, no m o ing is|land he hires; Qe for the purchase and maintenance|for him by the ow. ioo ce companies o n pay- 
possible; you farm it as you can. Standing on the|of ym еп ught animals, and of steam power | ment of ап апп . From the 21st Edition 
higher va of this clay land end of the farm,|for the euitivation o of f tbe Jand, and for the conversion ie completed) p deber бн в Farm Calendar 
across at the oolitic highlands beyond, of its produce; (3) for the purchase of and : 
you see ing before you fields of bluish scanty ШАШ та) for payment of labour during the year Longmans. 
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