THE GARDENERS — — AGRICULTURAL а. 1099 
теѕшіз alts of which are e given уеп in the Sth vol of thej 1 purpose t the ey exami the ashes of 150! Atl С} iculture," 
Transactions of the түт Society, D plants ас from 25 natural € and growing du, is given the te of энер species Mgr Fu 
1843. pontaneously in the soil of dom ‚ analy sing at least of ганна and twelve of other kinds of M. 
species of each family, in Fe d 
recipients ees substances — mee to be | range of variation occurring in them, and vers mendi 
f these analyses were made in the laboratory 
of Giessen, M for the remainder we have the res- 
pectable au uthority of Forchhammer ; ; they present, it 
E observations made as to pw influence exerted different amount of ligneous fibre. is true, many but coneur upon the whole 
th titution of a pl y the — of the Ја the course of these inquiries, two fa ei tablis! hat ү 5 e <o soda in the 
pi or b by the nature of the mdi Ae , both of which accord with the nstitution of an Alga the erse. Now, the 
submitted to its roots. i lf in the experiments seem а натат of potassa which is is (лайн tod in sea-water to 
This influence t by tl periments | to e first, that plants must possess, a power of fa e absorbing surfa ces of a sea weed i is so very minute, 
чәй from which it appeared, that a Fir that aid da, that if ever the sub- 
bad grown on Mount Breven in а dolomitie rock same soil abstract from it different ашош “of the stitution of one isomorphous body for another i in the 
when burnt, to contain in its ashes a certain | n normal constituents prese: nted to the Y" guum. organism of a plant could take place indefinitely, 
percentage of magnesia, whilst the same species of A m same species, ent soils, vary | we Tas uld 1 tits ш E j 
timber ‘from Mont La Salle, a granite rock, was | exten tin their mineral чонм Perhaps, indeed, the even stronger with 
destitute of this earth, but possessed an equivalent еа. actae soils, the proportion of A rd to the iodine ге ge zd а ехігасі from the 
increase in the lime and potass belonging to it; and €! in the plant is in general less itis in s of the ocean, since the proportion of that 
likewise from those of the French chemist eed mese голу the range of variation eoim 4 to buste зма із жере n to exist їп the latter, can, 
showing that the ashes of which had On the other hand, the amount of|from its minuteness, be hardly detected, even by the 
і з о ТЕЗ per cont. of slkalies, ЭРЧ о | арш acid will be greater in argillaceous than t delicate tests. Hence we should be led to infer 
. lime, and 3'8 of magnesia ; whereas the same Mind 7 calcareous soils ; and the same remark applies, although | чач the €— of marine plants neither iodine 
wood from Allevard, in France, afforded 3477 of alkali, | in degree, lso э replaced by chlorine, nor potass by soda, 
19:6 of lime, and 4:35 "ot magnesia m Jiko manner, r, plants grown on calcareous rocks дүгүн both the one and the other are isomorphous 
ntain, tan), more soda and less p bodies 
Such. then are the principal facts appealed to in argillacoous ones. Thusin Brassica napus, there wai Liebig, in на: * Letters on Modern Agriculture," has 
passive | pres soda 5.50, and of potassa 12.34, ok Shown, that similar law x ора) to — temer 
instruments, n which. take up wbatever is presented to grown on a limestone ; $ and of soda 3.00, potass 25.00, | not и to the Pl of Al the of 
y the common Duckweed, the Lem: тард grown in 
iff i t isting $n the |a bog, the уг ater of which теат ће following 
- "They a ppear to me however only to prove thu 
much, namely, that the laws of —— capillarity, diis vu Той m pratens E show ipared 
ў елее pressure, operite upon living tissues | ing the тнт diio of the alkaline рень т жЕ їп the p as "тоша imply. a power of selection 
nd that plants are there- the chemical constitution o of the soil in which 
fore subject, to ике: чийн whenever other Thus there were found, on com paring t E 
forces m mmediately e connected with vitality do - But after all p power of gubstitation is cir- | tion of the Mx Py of the plants grownin it, qe fo 
— vithi ing differe: in the proportion of the ingredients 
- ftis just tho same indeed in the animal — ач —— — place L MÀ has dapes эшле ml present :— 
Ко one doubts that the living к зна solute amoun bases presen Vugponrp reme ne 
amenable to the common laws of matter, p howover адуу сайт to engl of "the jda- whic i. the ien] In the Soi. | Duckweed 
much the latter may be controlled, and masked, as i or in othe иа that the sum of the . hydro 
uc x An forces rr Pere za them is ien ed lien vi uid 35.000 1630 
PE ail 12.264 5.0 
е case of the spongioles, although with| Thus, according to Бапан тт 7 тый ждат о sodium A MP 10.100 5.807 
n vegetable tissue, the quantity taken up by | соп tained of Soda ^ =ч еле 
hem апа introduced -— the system does appear, — of potassa 20 Oxide of iron and traces of 
red to be regulated | toa Ime a erre T. 
tant by ih bets » agnesia ^ a, the oxygen — be 0. А мео acid ө ids im E 
г ны exhibited, and so far favours P» rol = Silica, ad. dd 3.240 12.2 
2 
nclusion, yet on the other ded the powe hloride of potassium -" эз.» 1.450 
а plant of substituting one normal ingredient fo 007 
E e not to геч beyond certain limita; Whilst 100 parts of a tree of the same species isi 
656 
Ces cmt rthy ments at least hitherto So that whilst the water uh in T parts, of 
do t E to show. Mt. La Salle, which contained of lime about 35 parts, and of magnesia 12, vi plant had 
Ist. That we are only able to replace any of the Carbonate of potassa кен abstracted only 16.8 of the former, and 5 of the latter 
а plant Ьу | 
stitu ы gran боша Ше bodywhichis| —" — aee eoa s елор [water was less than 4, that in th was 13; 
он Е е enter as ingredients into the а Р... ia point ef in the plant 122. ——— pg 
vegetable organisation 1 аи. do what we may, жез ИРТ Bat, in point PE 
amount of potass in lant will never sink below 9.007 |ofthis familiar principle; oeuf oomen 
— mm agis ors on its other arm m And in like manner, where mersa атай s белй miner constitution, it $e gn. v 
; and in li i i Berthi 
an Si not eo i bj Che Ring off o Allevard, according to ег, coni toas V Eun GF ШЫПЫ, Di ariek ы gx 
obtain ial the several ingredie 
the ваш ве 
А асе i 3.3, the no ita be T 57 sa | cnr for its шеге ogan mion, 
That it is impossible i * incapacity of a plant to dispense 
bee Qui RN NET iia the com ans Рут by the mababaon af another 
the vegetable че өлуп member of 8 samo oriea which 13.10 | may а Ас be illustrated by the necessity of phosphoric 
is not normally Whilst those from one from Norway, which con-|acid in denti a eiue. т, which the whole 
tained of— g 
I shall proceed to adduce some proofs of both the| Potassa TEPEL D and ig 
above pror qued n d ie si, with улгер. go to "ho former,| Soda ..  ..  ..2070 Were this not th 
will allude nandi аё ш: эз г»: IRO ча | phates in the land, after gorge he Teo" 
others in its -—— ООО MK) o0 PME РАР ИЧ ЕУ 530 number of successive crops, might be supplied by 
. That the usual urere gera {һе respective W 3.82 
ingredients present in a'plant, be made to vary, к. " „ 1.69 gcn elegant experiments, though performed on too 
ing the | fall with onei jas wen а scale, bearing upon this Кае. are reported 
ith the res Be inferred from the follo этти Difference — .1 non 1850, on the authority 
erations. — of the Prince of Salm H 
Will and Fresenius state, раё Wheat cultivated The Prince m ded. pt "fte wax vessels, in 
Rear the sea contains more soda and less potass than| These remarkable approximations equally at a учы | height about or inch es, and in diameter 1 inch, w^ 
it um in more inland situations; and although | -n of the analysts, and the acuteness of йсй, each of them either М pure sand or with 
re. in my laboratory d. Professor | reasoner who first — out the dull between tires rock-crystal, which had been previously 
Wer, some m would point to opposite | the бно they prove, that the amount of bases is ам e 
реконс ры? ied the fcis са І T brought Trendi inaj determined by the "quantities of а cids contained in ARM these vessels were erem а few grains 
of 
Society with them nute quantity of one or 
kei » the чот taken by € he German ылыы щ ever much the nature of the acid may vary, is in ee. more of the ingredients w > = by analysis this plant 
I sho proportion of p pian an case definite. - | has been found to contain. j 
it: ie The following were the 
cm whilst the collective amount of 
regnated wi опе or sarily determined sr йомды pter iW 
) нр cac 
of 
that in this thi miei “i us 
in manner the n to this were of plar: ts would have 2 
| маз made to vary from 25.5 to 15.5 per cent. in the | definite or fixed s osition, the Pul y condition b being plant shot n 
grain, re —- - to 20.0 in the straw, thus | аё their elem. ould ——— e | itself in an erect position. 
certain extent one alkali | diff pent viru augite, garnet, Sich occur уш 
t rn vede c aeri in the vegetable organisation. cin supplier 
. But the latest and most extensive series of investi: | But the contrary ot Ы this might m inferred front the | present init, namely, 
' 1ng up lb myself, to allusion nes 
and comme rded in the Annales de Chimie for | has already been made, fi from. whioh it would appear, and suli 
December, 1858. — . | that the utmost difference in the ion of potass and whilst 
e primary object of these chemists appears|and soda which could be brought roeng in Barley, | more limited 
have been to determine, whether any e] igi reris r cent. LU ке стати 
Subsisted between the mineral со natitation т ofa plant,| Moreo e examine chemically any of the marine | . Ы » 
and its organic structure as evidenced by the place it Algo, беда ind that, although a consider- — 4 меа 
occupies as a member of one of the «кыйа н celerem р 7 gem thereis crease both in t he vigour of tile om 
into which the vegetable kingdom is divided. ost equal amount of potassa. өүө and in the number ber of its flowers; but still во mething 
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