GHBTSOPEANINM 91 



rather short, tarsi with the basal joint long, claws and their appendages as in the 

 forelegs ; generally of a brilliant copper colour on the upperside of the forewings. 



Type, phlseas, Linnaeus. 



Both Chrysojyhanus and Heodes were erected in the same year ; it is impossible to 

 say which has precedence ; but the former has been the recognised genus of these species 

 for so many years that it is only right under the circumstances to give it preference. 



Note. — Tutt says (Brit. Butt. i. p. 314) that the type of the genus Ckrysophanus, 

 Hiibner, was fixed by Scudder in 1875 as hippothoe, and consequently he erects the 

 genus Rumicia for Linnseus's species phlseas ; but how can Scudder or any one else but 

 the author of the genus fix the type of the genus ? The first species named by the 

 author after describing a genus must stand as the type of the genus, if it corresponds 

 with the description of the genus ; any other system for recognising types of genera 

 upsets the rule of priority. 



CHRYSOPHANUS PHLJIAS. 

 Plate 660, figs. 3, ^ , 3a, ? , 3b, $ . 



Papilio phlseas, Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 285 (1761); id. Syst. Nat. ed. xii. i. (2), p. 793 (1767). Esper 



Schmett. i. (1) pi. 22, fig. 1 (1777). Hubner, Eur. Schmett. i. figs. 362, 363 (180.5-1824). 

 Polyommatus phlseas, Godart, Enc. Meth. ix. p. 670 (1823). Kollar, Hugel's Kaschmir, iv. (2), 



p. 417 (1848). Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 887. Leech, id. 1887, p. 414. Pryer, Rhop. 



Niphonica, p. 16, pi. 4, fig. 21, ? (1888). 

 Chrysophanus phlseas, Westwood, Gen. Diurn. Lep. ii. p. 498 (1852). Horsfield and Moore, Cat. 



Lep. Mus. E.I.C. i. p. 27 (1857). Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1874, p. 271, and 1882, p. 247. 



Swinhoe, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1885, p. 340. de Niceville (part). Butt, of India, iii. p. 315 (1890). 



Mackinnon and de Niceville, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1898, p. 385. Leslie and Evans, id. 



1903, p. 674. 

 Papilio virgaurese, Scopoli, Ent. Carn. p. 180 (1763). Fourcroy, Ent. Paris, ii. p. 246 (1785). 

 Ghrysophanus haralacha, Moore, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1884, p. 25. 



Imago. — Male. Upperside. Forewing dark shining copper colour, the base 

 thickly irrorated with blackish scales, a few black scales also on the rest of the wing ; a 

 narrow brown band on the costa, and a much broader blackish even band on the outer 

 margin ; spots black ; one in the middle of the cell, another at the end ; a discal band 

 of three .short rows of black spots in echelon with each other ; the upper one containing 

 four spots more or less divided by the veins, the middle band two, and the lower baud 

 two joined together. Hindwing dark blackish-brown, with a shining copper-coloured, 

 outer marginal band from the anal angle to vein 6 ; containing five black spots on 

 each side in the interspaces ; terminal line of both wings black. Cilia whitish, the 

 outer edge of the hindwing slightly sinuous, deeply scalloped near the anal angle. 

 Underside. Foreivivg paler copper colour, spots disposed as above, all small and ringed 

 with whitish, all round and well separated ; an additional spot in the cell near the 



N 2 



