CRUCIFEE^. 79 



cultivated in our gardens ; among them the most common are the Honesty 

 {iMnaria) and an Eastern species of Aubrietia, both belonging to the 

 AlyssinecB. 



I. STOCK. MATTHIOLA. 



Annuals or perennials, more or less hoary, the leaves entire or sinuate, the 

 flowers rather large, usually purple, never yellow. Calyx erect, distmctly 

 bisaccate. Petals spreading, on long erect claws. Pod long and narrow, 

 compressed or nearly cylindrical. Stigmas sessile, short, but erect, and 

 parallel to each other, having sometimes a horizontal horn at the base of 

 each. Seeds more or less flattened, usually surrounded by a nan-ow wing, 

 forming one row. Radicle accumbent. 



Mostly seacoast plants from the shores of western Europe and the 

 Mediterranean. They formerly formed one genus with the Wallflowers, 

 fi-om which they are chiefly distinguished by the erect stigmas, and the 

 colour of the flowers. 



Stem erect, much branched. Leaves entire 1. Common S, 



Stem spreading. Lower leaves sinuate, or coarsely toothed 2. Sea 8, 



1. Common Stock. Matthiola incana, Er. 



(Cheiranthus, Eng. Bot. t. 1935. Sfoclc. Gilliflower.) 

 An erect herb, usually perennial, and almost woody at the base, but not 

 of long duration, 1 to 2 feet high, with hard, slightly spreading branches. 

 Leaves oblonghncar, obtuse, quite entu-e, soft and hoary on both sides 

 with short crisj)ed hairs. Flowers purple or reddish, rather large, the 

 petals obovate. Pod 4 or 5 inches long, crowned by the short stigmas, 

 which are rather thickened at the base. 



On clifls and stony places on the seacoast, round the Mediterranean, and 

 up western Europe, at least to Bayonne. In Britain fully established as a 

 wild plant on cliffs in the Isle of Wight, and perhaps some other parts of 

 the soutli coast, although probably originally escaped from cultivation. 

 Fl. summer. 



2. Sea Stock. IXIatthiola sinuata, Br. 



{Cheiranthus, Eng. Bot. t. 462.) 



Like the last, a perennial of short duration, and covered all over with a 

 short hoary down, which is however much softer and more dense. Branches 

 very spreading. Lower leaves deeply sinuate. Flowers nearly as in the 

 common 8., but the pods more compressed, usually more or less covered 

 with glandular protuberances, and the stigmas very short, scarcely thick- 

 ened at the base. 



On sandy sea-shores, common aU round the Mediterranean, and up the 

 west coast of Europe to Ireland, and many points of the south and west 

 coasts of England and Wales. Fl. summer. 



IL -WAXjI.FI.O'WER. CHEIEAISTTHUS. 



Habit and character of the Stock, except that the flowers are orange or 

 yellow, the pod more distinctly flattened, the very short stigmas spi-eading 

 horizontally, not erect, and usually borne on a distinct style, and the seeds 

 not winged. 



