CRtrciPEE^. 93 



On sandy or arid places near the sea, in southern Europe, extending up 

 the west coast to the Channel Islands. Fl. summer. 



XIII. COCHLSARIA. COCHLEAEIA. 



Annuals or perennials, usually glabrous, with undivided leaves, and wliite 

 flowers. FilaTuents of the stamens without appendages. Pod globular, ovoid 

 or shortly oblong, with a broad partition ; the valves very convex. Seeds 

 several in each cell, not bordered, the radicle accumbent on the edge of the 

 cotyledons. 



Besides the common northern species, the genus contains several Asiatic 

 and south European ones, some of them intermediate, in appearance, be- 

 tween the two rather dissimilar ones here associated. The pod is very 

 different from that of any other British white-flowered Crucifer. 



Tall erect plant, with very large oblong radical leaves 1. Horseradish C. 



Low diffuse plant, the leaves small and thick 2. Scurvy C. 



1. Horseradish Cochlearia. Cochlearia Armoracia, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 2323. Armoracia rusticana, Brit. Fl. Horseradish.') 



Eootstock tapering into a long root. Radical leaves on long stalks, often 

 6 inches to a foot long, and 4 to 6 inches broad, sinuate and toothed at the 

 edges, glabrous, but rough. Stems 2 to 3 feet high, erect; the leaves 

 smaller and narrower than the radical ones, the lower ones often deeply 

 toothed or almost pinnatifid. Flowers small and white, in numerous 

 racemes, forming a terminal piinicle. Pods on slender pedicels, ovoid or 

 elliptical, without any prominent nerve. 



A plant of south-eastern origin, introduced by cultivation only into 

 northern and western Europe. It has become perfectly naturahzed in 

 several parts of Britain, especially near the sea. Fl. summer. The pod 

 seldom comes to perfection in this country. 



2. Scurvy Cochlearia. Cochlearia officinalis, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 551, and C. grcenlandica, t. 2403. Scurvy-grass^ 



A low, diffuse, quite glabrous, and somewhat fleshy annual or biennial, 

 the stems seldom above 6 inches long. Lower leaves stalked, orbicular or 

 reniform, entire or angularly toothed ; the upper ones sometimes similar, 

 sometimes ovate or oblong, and often quite sessile. Flowers in short ra- 

 cemes, the petals obovate and spreading. Pods globular or ovoid, varying 

 from 2 to 3 hues in diameter, pointed by the short style, the midrib of 

 the valves very prominent when dry. 



In stony, muddy, or sandy soils, all around the Arctic Circle, on the sea- 

 coasts of northern and western Em-ope, and at considerable elevations in 

 the great mountain chains of Em'ope. Not uncommon on the shores of 

 England and Ireland, stUl more abundant on those of Scotland, penetrating 

 inland along some of its rivers, and in the Highland mountains. Fl. all 

 summer. It varies much in the size and shape of the leaves, in the size of 

 the flowers, and the size and shape of the pods, and has been divided into 

 two, three, or even eight or nine species. The most prominent varieties 

 are the C. danica (Eng. Bot. t. 69(5), with all the leaves stalked, and the 

 C. angliea (Eng. Bot. t. 552), with large flowers and pods. 



