104 ^^THE CEUCIFEB. PAMILT. 



In maritime sands and salt-marshes ; on all the seacoasts of Europe and 

 western Asia, except the extreme north. Common all round Britain. Fl. 

 summer and autwnn. 



XXVII. CRAIVEBE. CEAMBE. 



Erect, stout perennials, or, in some foreign species, annuals, with toothed 

 or divided leaves, and loose panicles of white flowers. Pod apparently 

 stalked in the calyx (that is, supported on a stalk-like abortive lower article), 

 globular, indehiscent, with one seed. Eadicle incumbent on the back of 

 the cotyledons, which are folded over it as in Brassica. 



A well-characterized and natural genus, containing several south Euro- 

 pean, west Asiatic, and Canary Island species. 



1. Seakale Crambe. Crambe maritima, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 924. Seakale.) 



A glabrous plant, of a glaucous green, forming a thick, hard, perennial 

 stock. Stems branched, about 2 feet high. Lower leaves stalked, large, 

 rather thick, broady oblong or rounded, waved and coarsely toothed or pLn- 

 natifid; the upper leaves few and smaher. Panicle large and much 

 branched. Filaments of the loiiger stamens forked. Pod 3 or 4 lines dia- 

 meter ; the abortive article or stalk within the calyx about a line long or 

 rather more. 



In maritime sands and stony places, along the western coasts of Europe, 

 and on the Baltic, reappearing on the Black Sea. In Britain, rather thinly 

 scattered along the coasts of England, of Ireland, and of the Scotch low- 

 lands, 'becoming more scarce northwards. Introduced into our gardens last 

 century, from Devonshire. Fl. early summer. 



■ XXVIII. RADISH. EAPHANUS. 



Coarse, often hairy annuals or biennials ; the lower leaves pinnatifid or 

 pinnate, the flowers rather large. Pod more or less elongated, thick, 

 pointed, indehiscent, more or less contracted or even jointed between the 

 seeds, without any longitudinal partition wlien ripe, but containing several 

 seeds, separated by a pitliy substance filling the pod. Eadicle incumbent 

 on the back of tlie cotyledons, which are folded over it. 



A genus weU characterized by the pod, but consisting of very few species, 

 or perhaps only of several more or less permanent races of one species. The 

 most distinct form, our garden Radish, is unknown in a wUd state, but 

 some varieties of the wild one, on the coasts of the Mediterranean, come so 

 near to it as to suggest the possibility that it may be but a cultivated race 

 of the same species, although placed by some botanists in a distinct genus, 



1. ViTild Radish. Raphanus Raphanistruiu, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 856. Jointed CharloeJc.) 

 An erect or spreading annual or biennial, 1 to 2 feet high, much branched, 

 with a few stiff hairs on the base of the stem. Leaves pinnately divided or 

 lobed, the terminal segment large, obovate or oblong, and rough with short 

 hairs ; the upper leaves often narrow and entire. Elowers of the size of 

 those of the Charlock, the calyx very erect, the petals either white, with 



