CAETOPHTLIACE*. 113 



Leares without any scales or stipules at the base. 

 Petals entire^ or slightly jagged, or'none. 



Sepals 4 or 5, with the same number of styles. 

 Capsule opening in 4 or 5 valves. Small, matted, fine- 

 leaved plants 5. Peaelwoet. 



Capsule opening at the top, in 8 or 10 teeth. 



Plant glabrous, stiff, and erect. Petals quite entire . 8. Mcenchia. 

 Plant downy, much branched. Petals slightly notched 10. Ceeast. 

 Sepals 5. Styles 3 (rarely 4). 



Petals none. Alpine, moss-like plant 6. Cheblebia. 



Petals obovate or oblong (sometimes very small) . 



Petals quite entire 7. Sandwoet. 



Petals sUghtly jagged 9. Holosteum. 



Fetals 1-cleft. 

 Styles 3. 

 Capsule opening to below the middle, in 6 valves ... 11. Siabwoet. 

 Capsule opening at the top, in 6 short teeth. Alpine 



plant, with narrow leaves Staewoei Cebast. 



Styles 5, rarely 4. 

 Stem-leaves sessile. Capsule opening in 10 or 8 short 



teeth 10. Cebast. 



Stem-leaves cordate, stalked. Capsule opening in 5 en- 

 tire or shortly split valves Watek Staewoet. 



Among exotic genera, several G-ypsopliylls, from south-eastern Europe, 

 are occasionally cultivated in our flower-gardens, aitd Cucubalus hacc^er 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 1577), from central and southern Europe, is said to have been 

 formerly found in the Isle of Dogs, introduced with baUasfc. 



I. PINK. DIANTHUS. 



Stiff perennials, or more rarely annuals, vrith narrow leaves. Calyx 

 tubular, 5-toothed, clasped at the base or covered by 2, 4, or 6 broad scales 

 or bracts. Petals usually crenate, or jagged. Stamens 10. Styles 2. 

 Capsule stalked within the calyx, opening at the top in 4 teeth or short 

 valves. 



A considerable genus, spread over Europe and Asia, with a few south 

 African species. It is also one of the most natural in the family, readily 

 known by the scales under the calyx. 



Annuals. Flowers small, clustered together, the scales as long as the 

 calyx. 



Plant glabrous. Scales broad, dry, and scarioua \. Proliferous P. 



Plant slightly dovmy. Scales narrow, herbaceous, with long points 2. Dejitford P. 

 Perennials. Flowers few on each stem, distinct, the scales much 

 shorter than the calyx. 

 Lower leaves hot half an inch long, green, and loosely tufted. 



Calyx-teeth and scales pointed. Flowers scentless 3. Maiden P. 



Lower leaves near an inch, stiff, and glaucous. Calyx-teeth and 



scales broad, obtuse, or with minute points. Flowers scented . 4. Cheddar P. 



Among the exotic species cultivated in gardens, are the sweet- William 

 {D. harhatus), the Carnation and Clove Pink (varieties of 2). Caryophyllus), 

 the Pheasant s-eye Pink {D. plumarius), all from central or southern 

 Europe, and the two last said to establish themselves occasionally half-wild 

 on old walls, the Indian Pink (D. sinensis)^ etc. 



1. Proliferous Pink. Dianthus prolifer, Linn. 



(Eng. Bot. t. 956.) 



A stiff, erect, wiry, glabrous annual, simple, or with a few erect branches, 



6 inches to a foot high or rather more. Leaves few, narrow, erect, and 



mostly pointed. Elowers small, in compact, oblong or ovoid, terminal 



1i M 



