200 THE BOSE EAMIIT. 



In dry, bushy wastes, either near the sea or on dry, heathy hills, widely 

 spread over Europe and temperate Asia, ascending occasionally to con- 

 siderable elevations, but not extending to the Arctic regions. Common in 

 Scotland and in several parts of England and Ireland, generally not far 

 from the sea. Fl. spring or early summer, and sometimes ac/ain later. 

 This is the origin of the Scotch Roses of our gardens. 



2. DoTimy Rose. Rosa villosa, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 583. S. mollis, Eng. Bot. t. 2459, and -R. tomentosa, Sm.) 

 In its ordinary state, this is distinguished from the downy varieties of 

 the dog S. cliiefly by the globular fruit, more or less covered with small, 

 fine prickles, which are seldom entirely wanting. It is usually more erect 

 and bushy, the prickles of the stem straight or but shghtly cui-ved ; the 

 leaflets softly downy on both sides, and almost always doubly toothed. 

 Calyx-segments long, and often expanded near the top, sometimes all entu-e, 

 sometimes, as in the dog R., some of them more or less pinnately lobed. 

 Flowers white or pale pink. 



In hedges and thickets, in Europe and western Asia, and chiefly in the 

 north, or in the mountain districts of the south. Generally cUstributed 

 over Britain, but chiefly in Scotland, northern and western England, and 

 Ireland. Fl. early summer. The R. scabriuscula, Eng. Bot. t. 1896, 

 R. hibernica, t. 2196, R. Sahini, Suppl. t. 2594, and R. Doniaiia, Suppl. t. 

 2601, appear to be slight varieties of this species, to which belongs also the 

 Apple Rose {R. pomifera), from continental Europe. 



3. S'^reetbriar Rose. Rosa rubiginosa, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 991. B. micrantha, t. 2490, and R. sepium, Suppl. t. 2653. 



Sweetbriar.) 



Very nearly allied to the dog R., but in its typical state, as cultivated in 

 cm- gardens, easily recognized by the aromatic scent of the foliage when 

 rubbed. This proceeds from small glands, copiously scattered on the leaf- 

 stalks and the under side and edges of the leaflets, often giving the fohagc a 

 rusty hue. In the wdd state the scent is often very faint, although the 

 glands are still numerous. The plant is usually more slender than the 

 dog £., the prickles curved or hooked, often intermixed with glandular 

 hairs ; the leaflets rather small, and almost always doubly toothed ; the 

 flowers pink, usually sohtary, rather smaller than in the dog R. Fruit 

 ovoid or oblong, smooth or rarely bearing a very few small prickles. 



In hedges and thickets, in central and southern Europe and central Asia, 

 extenduig northwards into Scandinavia. In Britain, chiefly in southern 

 and eastern England, apparently rai-e in northern and western England, 

 Scotland, and Ireland. Fl. early summer. 



4. Dog Rose. Rosa canina, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 992.) 

 Bootstock woody, frequently producing suckers. Stems of several years' 

 duration, often the first year erect and simple to the height of 3 or 4 feet ; 

 the flowering stems of two or more years branched, rather weak and strag- 

 ghng, attaining 6 or 8 feet in length, usually glabrous, and without glands, 

 armed with curved or hooked prickles. Leaflets 5 or sometimes 7, ovate, 

 usually simply toothed and glabrous, or downy on the under side, and then 

 often doubly toothed. Flowers pink or white, usually sweet-scented, sohtary 



