236 THE UMBELLATE EAMILT. 



suffice in a great measure for the few British species, although, even for 

 them, the minute variations of the fruit cannot be wholly dispensed with. 

 For this purpose it is essential to have the finiit quite ripe. It must then 

 be cut across, and if a horizontal slice is placed under a magnifying-glass, 

 the general form, the ribs and fun-ows of the pericarp, and the vittas, will 

 clearly appear. Where the fruit is described as laterally compressed, this 

 slice will assume an oval form, the division between the carpels being across 

 the narrow diameter ; where it is flattened from front to back, the division 

 will be across the broadest diameter. In Seseli and other genera, where 

 the fruit is not compressed, the horizontal sUce will be orbicular. Where 

 the albumen is furrowed, its transverse section will assume more or less of 

 a half-moon or a kidney shape. 



, ( Leaves undivided 2 



\ Leaves palmate or pinnate, or variously dissected 3 



f Leaves quite entire, grass-like or ovate. Flowers yellow . . . . 15. Bupleveb. 

 2< Leaves rounded, crenate or peltate. Aquatic or marsh plant, with small heads or 



t whorls of flowers 1. Htdeocotyle. 



("Leaves and globular heads of flowers very prickly 4. EnYKeo. 



3 \ Leaves and stems very thick and succulent 23. Samphibe. 



(, Leaves neither pricldy nor fleshy 4 



, f Fruit covered with prickles or bristles or hairs, or \vith dentate or sinuate ribs . 5 



\ Fruit glabrous and smooth, or with entire ribs or wings 12 



p. f Leaves orbicular or palmate. Umbels simple or irregularly compound . . . ■. 6 



(. Leaves pinnate or much dissected. Umbels usually compound 7 



(•Flowers in small heads, without involucre. Fruit prickly 2. Sanicle. 



6 < Flowers in simple or irregularly compound umbels. Involucre of many bracts. 



(. Fruit rough, with sinuate or dentate ribs 3. Asteastia. 



_ f Fruit covered with bristles or prickles or hairs 8 



1 Fruit glabrous, with sinuate ribs 35. Hemlock. 



„f Fruit flat, with a thick border 28. Haktwobt. 



(, Fruit ovoid, not bordered 9 



q ( Bracts of the involucre mostly pinnatifid 34. Caebot. 



\ Bracts of the involucre entire or none 10 



r Umbels of more than 20 rays, \vith involucres of many bracts, and shortly downy 

 -.A fruits 19. Seseli. 



I Umbels of few rays (seldom 10). Bracts few or none. Fruits burr-like or very 



1^ hispid 11 



,-. f Fruit contracted at the top into a very short, smooth beak . . 32. Burr Cheevil. 



t Fruit covered to the top with hooked bristles 33. Caucalis. 



/'Fruit very much flattened 13 



, o J Fruit globular, ovoid, or shortly oblong 18 



1 Fruit long and narrow, at least four times as long as broad. (Leaves much cut, and 



(, often hairy.) 46 



,„ fFruitrough, surrounded by a thick edge 28. Haktwobt. 



I Fruit smooth, with a thin or a double edge 14 



{Fruit bordered by two thin edges or wings, which arc distinct before the fruit ripens. 

 (TaUplant, with numerous ovate segments to the leaves.) ... 24. Anoelica. 

 Edge of the fruit single until the carpels separate 15 



, K f Leaves much dissected, with narrow or small segments .... 25. Peucedan. 



1 Leaves consisting of a few large, broad segments 16 



('Lower leaves of three large, 3-lobed segments, equal to each other, and with stalks 

 ■,a\ of equal length 25. Sroaii Peucedaw. 



i' 



I Lower leaves pinnate j or, if ternate, the middle segment longer, with a longer 



^ stalk 17 



,» ("Flowers yellow, all small 26. Paesnip. 



(.Flowers white, the outer petals of the umbel much larger . . . 27. Heeacleum. 



ID ("Flowers yellow 19 



■'■° I Flowers white 22 



("Leaves two or three times ternate, with large, broad segments. Fruit of 2 globular 

 19< carpels 37. Smtenium. 



L Leaves pinnate or much divided. Fruit ovoid or oblong 20 



ort ("Leaves very finely divided into filiform segments 18. Fennel. 



t Segments of the leaves flat, linear-lanceolate or oblong 21 



~, (" Eibs of the fruit very prominent, almost vringed 21. SiLAUs. 



(, Eibs of the fruit scarcely prominent 9. CommoB Paeslet, 



i 



