240 THE UMBELLATE FAMILY. 



On the seacoasts of the whole of Europe and western Asia, except the 

 extreme north. Abundant on the maritime sands of England, Ireland, and 

 southern and western Scotland, and has been found as far north as Shet- 

 land. Fl. summer, rather late. 



2. Field ESryngo. Eryng^nm campestre, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 57.) 



Stems not so thick, and more branched than in the sea JS. ; the leaves 

 much more divided ; the segments pinnate, with lanceolate lobes, waved 

 and coarsely toothed, bordered and terminated by strong prickles. Heads 

 of flowers more numerous and smaller ; the involucral leaves more or less 

 pinnately toothed; the scales or bracts within the heads narrow, and mostly 

 entire. 



In fields, waste places, and roadsides, in central and southern Europe, 

 extending eastward to the Caucasus and Ural, and northward to Denmark. 

 Rare in Britain, and believed by some to be an introduced plant ; among 

 several stations formerly given, it is now only known near Plymouth, on the 

 ballast-Jiills of the Tyne, and near Waterfcrd, in Ireland. Fl. summer. 



V. co^vBANz:. cicuta. 



Leaves dissected. Umbels compound, without any general involucre, 

 or only 1 or 2 small bracts ; the partial involucre of many bracts. Calyx- 

 teeth prominent above the ovary. - Petals white, obcordate. Fruit short, 

 laterally compressed ; each carpel nearly globular, with 5 scarcely prominent, 

 broad, flat ribs, and single vittas under the furrows. 



A genus of very few species, spread over the noi-them hemisphere ; dis- 

 tinguished among the short-fruited TImhellates with single vittas chiefly by 

 the prominent teeth of the calyx. 



1. Vl^ater Coivbane. Cicuta virosa, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 479. Cowhane. Water Hemlock.) 



Stem hollow, somewhat branched, attaining 3 or 4 feet. Leaves twice or 

 thrice pinnate or temate, vrith narrow-lanceolate, acute segments, 1 to 1^ 

 inches long, bordered with a few unequal, acute teeth. General umbels 

 of from 10 to 15 or even more rays. Bracts of the partial involucres subu- 

 late, not quite so long as the pedicels. 



In wet ditches and on the edges of lakes, in northern and central Europe, 

 Russian Asia, and northern America, disappearing in southern Europe. 

 Very local in Britain, and never abundant, although occurring in several 

 counties of England, Ireland, and southern Scotland. . Fl. summer. 



VI. APIUM. APItTM. 



Leaves dissected. Umbels compound. No involucres. Petals entire, 

 white, with a small, inflected point ; fruit short, shghtly compressed late- 

 rally, without visible calycine teeth. Carpels ovoid, with 5 slender ribs, - 

 and single vittas under the furrows, and 2 on the face, next the axis ; the 

 axis or carpophore free and entire, or shortly spht at the top. 



A genus which has been differently understood and characterized bj 



