rSIBELLIFEE^. 257 



with a single North American one. Some Asiatic species, remarkable for 

 their size (the annual stems 12 to 15 feet, with umbels more than a foot in 

 diameter), are occasionally grown in our gardens. 



1. Coxamon Heracleum. Heracleutn Sphondylium, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 939. Com Parsnip or Hogweed.) 



A tall, coarse plant, although not quite so large nor so much branched as 

 the wild Angelica, and the stock of much shorter duration, but not strictly 

 biennial as commonly supposed ; the whole plant more or less rough with, 

 short, stilf liairs. Leaves pinnate, with 3, 5, or 7 large, broad segments, 

 usually 3-lobed and toothed, from 3 to 5 inches long and at least as broad, 

 sometimes more numerous and much narrower. Umbels large, of about 

 20 rays, the outer petals much larger than the others. Carpels nearly orbi- 

 cular, 3 or 4 hnes long ; the vittas very conspicuous, often only reaching 

 halfway down the fruit. 



In meadows, pastures, hedges, and thickets, throughout Europe and Rus- 

 sian Asia. In Britain, one of the commonest of our Umbellates. Fl. sum- 

 mer and autumn. 



XXVIII. HARTWORT. TOEDTLIUM. 



Leaves dissected. Umbels compound, with general and partial involucres. 

 Flowers white or pink, the outer petals often larger. Fruita flattened from 

 front to back, with a single thick border (spHtting only by the separation of 

 the carpels), and covered with stiff hairs or tubercles. Carpels broad, with 

 the ribs scarcely visible, and 1 or 3 vittas under the interstices. 



A small genus, chiefly from the Mediterranean region, with the appear- 

 ance of Caucalis, but readily known by the flat fruit. 



1. Great Hart^^ort. Tordylium maximum, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 1173.) 



An erect annual, 2 feet or rather more in height, rough with short, stiff 

 hairs. Leaves pinnate, with 5, 7, or 9 segments, lanceolate or almost ovate, 

 and coarsely toothed ; the lateral ones 1 to 2 inches, the terminal ones usually 

 longer. Umbels terminal, of 8 to 10 short rays, with a few rather long, 

 narrow bracts to the involucres. Petals all small and pink. Fruits about 

 3 lines long, the thickened border very prominent. 



In waste and cultivated lands, in southern Europe, and eastward to the 

 Caucasus ; more rare as a weed of cultivation in central Europe. In Bri- 

 tain, only in Middlesex and some adjoimng counties. Fl. summer. 



XXIX. SCANDIX. SCANDIX. 



Leaves dissected. Umbels compound, with partial involucres of several 

 bracts, and white flowers. Fruit hnear, with a very long, smooth beak. 

 Carpels (below the beak) with 5 obtuse ribs, without vittas. Albiunen of 

 the seed with a longitudinal furrow on the inner face. 



A small but distinct genus, ranging chiefly over the Mediterranean region 

 and west-central Asia. 



Z2 



