260 THE TTMBELLATE rAMIlT. 



Hussian Asia, extending northwards into southern Scandinavia. Frequent 

 in England and Ireland, less so in the Scotch Highlands. Fl. summer. 



2. VT'ild Chervil. Chserophyllum sylvestre, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bet. t. 752. Anthriscus, Brit. Fl.) 



The perennial, or perhaps only biennial, stock descends into a tap-root. 

 Stems hairy, erect, and branched, 2 to 3 feet high. Lower leaves on long 

 stalks, twice pinnate, with ovate-lanceolate pointed segments, deeply pin- 

 natifid and toothed ; upper leaves smaller, on shorter stalks, all more or 

 less hairy. Umbels rather numerous, not large, of 8 or 10 rays, with small 

 white ilowers. No general involucre, but the partial ones of several bracts. 

 Fruits about 3 lines long, very smooth and shining, without ribs or vittas, 

 narrowed at the top, but without any distinct beak. 



Under hedges, on the borders of fields, etc., throughout Europe and 

 Russian Asia. In Britain, one of the commonest UmbeUates. Fl. spring. 



3. Biirr Chervil. Chserophyllum Anthriscus, Lam. 

 (Seandix, Eng. Bot. t. 818. Anthi-iscus vulgaris, Brit. Fl.) 



An erect, branched, hairy annual, attaining near 2 feet in height, with 

 nearly as much the habit of a Caucalis as of a Chervil. Leaves not large, 

 twice, or the lower ones thrice pinnate, with ovate or ovate-lanceolate seg- 

 ments, pinnately lobed and toothed. Umbels small, on short peduncles, 

 opposite to the leaves, of 3 to 7 rays, without general involucres, and but 

 few bracts to the partial ones. Fruits ovoid-oblong, not 2 lines long, co- 

 vered with short, hooked bristles, and narrowed at the top into a very 

 short, smooth beak. 



A weed of cultivation, probably of south European origin, but readily 

 spreading with our crops, and now established in scattered localities over 

 Europe and Russian Asia. Bather frequent in England and Ireland, more 

 scarce in Scotland. Fl. spring and early summer. 



XXXIII. CAUCALIS. CAUCALIS. 



Hairy annuals, vrith dissected leaves. Umbels usually compound, with 

 partial involucres of several simple bracts, or rarely wanting. Outer petals 

 usually largei", and deeply bifid. Fruit ovoid, covered with prickles or 

 bristles. Carpels with 3 or 7 dorsal ribs, and 2 on tlie inner face ; vittas single 

 under each furrow. Albumen more or less furrowed on the inner face. 



A small European, Asiatic, and African geiuis, one of the few natural 

 ones in the family, if retained entire. It is well distinguished fi-om Carrot 

 by the involucre, the shape of the fruit, and of the albumen ; from the 

 bristle-fruited Chervils by the want of the smooth tip to the fruit ; from 

 all other British compound UmbeUates by the bristled fruits. 



Umbels opposite to the leaves, sessile, or on peduncles shorter than 

 the rays. 

 Umbels contracted into little sessile heads. Fruit short .... 1. Knotted C. 

 Umbels of 3 or 4 slender rays. Fruit oblong, with a short beak . . Surr Chervil. 

 Umbels terminal, or on peduncles longer than the rays. 

 Fruit not 2 lines long, with short bristles, mostly hooked. 



General involucre of several bracts (often very small), one under 



each of the outer rays 2. TTpHght C. 



General involucre of a single bract or entirely wanting .... 3. Spreading C. 

 Fruit 3 or 4 lines long or more, with long prickles. 



Leaves twice or thrice pinnate, with much cut, short segments . 4. Small C. 

 Leaves once pinnate, with long pinnatifid segments 5. Broad C, 



