CAPKirOtlACE^. 267 



each cell. Pruit a berry-like drupe ; the stone 1- or 2-ceUed, with 1 seed 

 hi each cell. Seeds with a fleshy albumen and a rather long embiyo. 



A genus not numerous in species, but extending over tlie temperate and 

 colder regions of the northern hemisphere, both in the new and tlie old 

 world. It was formerly included in the Honei/stwkle family, from wliich it 

 differs cliiefly in the distinct petals, valvular in the bud. 



Low herb. Umbel surrounded by 4 petal-like bracts I. DaaifC. 



Shrub. Flowers in a corymb, without bracts 2. Common C. 



Some other slu-ubby species of Cornel are often planted in our shrub- 

 beries, especially C. alba, alternifoUa, aiidjlorida, from North America, and 

 C. mas from southern Europe. 



1. Dwarf Cornel. Coruus suecica, I 'rva. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 310.) 



Unhke as this Httle herb is to the common C, its generic affinity may be 

 traced through the exotic O. Jlorida. It has a slender, creeping perennial 

 rootstock, with annual stems, barely 6 inches high, and usually sunple. 

 Leaves sessile, ovate, entire, seldom above an inch long, with 5 or some- 

 times 7 longitudinal nerves, and sprinkled with a few very minute, closely- 

 appressed hairs. Flowers very small, in a httle terminal umbel, surrounded 

 by 4 large, broad, petal-like, white bracts, so as to give the whole umbel 

 the appearance of a single flower with 4 petals. • The real petals are very 

 minute, of a dark purjjle. Drupes small and red, resembling berries. 



In mountain pastures, in northern Europe, extending into the Arctic 

 Circle nearly all round the globe. Abundant in Scandmavia, and descend- 

 ing southward to northern Germany. Not uncommon in the Scotch High- 

 lands, reappearing in north-eastern England, but not in Ireland. Fl. sum- 

 mer, ratlier late. 



2. Common Cornel. Cornus sanguinea, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 249. Dogwood.) 



An erect shrub, of 5 or 6 feet. Leaves opposite, broadly ovate, and 

 stalked ; when young, hoary or silky, with closely appressed hairs ; but 

 when full-grown, green and nearly glabrous. Flowers numerous, forming 

 termi n al cymes of \\ to 2 inches in diameter, without bracts ; the calyx 

 and peduncles covered with a mealy down. Petals of a duU white, lan- 

 ceolate, neai'ly 3 lines long. Drupes globular, almost black, and very 

 bitter. 



In hedges and thickets, in temperate Europe and Russian Asia, extend- 

 ing northwards into southern Scandinavia. Abimdant in southern England, 

 becoming scarce in the north, and does not appear to be wUd anywhere hi 

 Scotland, and only in a very few locaUties in Ireland. Fl, early summer. 



XXXVIII. THE HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. 

 CAPRirOLIACE^. 



Trees, shrubs, or herbs, with opposite leaves, and no stipules. 

 Flowers usually iu terminal heads, corymbs, or panicles, more 

 rarely axillary. Calyx combined with the ovary, with an en- 



