274 THE STELLATE TEIBE. 



Corolln rotate, the tube scarcely perceptible, with 4 spreading lobes. Fruit 

 small, dry, 2-lobed, with 1 seed in each lobe. 



Au extensive and j:atural genus, spread over the whole of the temperate 

 regions of tlie new as well as of the old world, especially abundant in Europe 

 and nortliern Asia, penetrating also into the tropics, but there cliiefly con- 

 fined to mountain d' "ricts. 



Plowers yellow. 

 Leaves 4 ia each whori, ovate. Cymes axillary, shorter than 



the leaves 1. Crosswori G, 



Leaves 6 or 8 in each whorl, Unear. Panicles terminal .... 2. Yellow &. 

 Flowers white. 

 Leaves in fours. 



Fruit hairy 8. Northern G. 



Fruit glabrous. 

 Leaves ovale or lanceolate, very shining, and prickly at the 



edge , Wild Madder. 



Leaves linear, smooth or rough, but not prickly. 

 Flowers on slender pedicels. Corolla small and rotate . 3. Marsh G. 

 Flowers nearly sessile, iu Uttle clusters. Corolla i'uimel- 



shaped Common Asperule. 



Leaves 6 or 8 in each whorl. 

 Ferentiials. Stem smooth or rough on the angles. 



Fruits covered with long hairs Woodruff Asperule. 



Fruit small, smooth, and slightly granulated. 



Lobes of the corolla ending in a fine point. Stems usu- 

 ally 1 to 3 feet, and rather firm at the base '. . . . 6. Hedge G. 

 Lobes of the coroUa scarcely pointed. Stems short, or 

 very slender. 



Leaves 4 or 6, very obtuse 3. Marsh G, 



Leaves 6 or 8, mostly pointed. 



Leaves nearly smooth 5. Heath G. 



Leaves very rough 4. Swamp G. 



Annuals. Stem very rough at the edges, with adhesive hairs or 

 minute prickles. 

 Small, very slender plant. Fruit very small, granulated or 



- hairy 7. Wall G. 



Coarse plants, very adhesive. Fruit rather large, usually 

 covered with stiff hairs or tubercles. 

 Flowers 3 or more, in axillary panicles longer than the 



leaves. Fruiting jiedicels straight 9. Cleavers G. 



Flowers 1 or 3, on axillary peduncles, shorter than the 



leaves. Fruiting pedicels roUed inwards 10. Corn G. 



1. Crossv^ort Galium. Gralium Cruciata, Scop. 

 (Eug. Bot. t. 143. CrosswoH or Maywort.) 



Stock perennial and slender, with a few short, prostrate or creeping 

 barren shoots ; the flowering stems erect or ascending, 6 to 18 inches long, 

 and hairy. Leaves in whorls of 4, ovate, 6 to 9 lines long, hau-y on both 

 sides. Flowers small and yellow, in Uttle leafy cymes or clusters, shorter 

 than, or scarcely so long as the leaves. Many of these flowers are males 

 only, and soon fall oiF, their reflexed pedicels remaining till the stem 

 withers. Fertile flowers few, and often 5-lobed. Fruits small, smooth, 

 almost succulent. 



On hedge-banks, and in bushy places, in central and southern Europe, 

 and eastward to the Caucasus. Not unfi'equent in England, and extending 

 a considerable way into Scotland, but not mentioned in the Irish Flora. 

 Fl. spring and early summer. 



2. Yellow Galium. Galium verum, Linn. 



(Eng. Eot. t. 6G0. Ladies' Bedstraio.) 



. Bootstoct woody, often shortly creeping, the whole plant glabrous and 



