294 THE COMPOSITE EAMIIT. 



numerous and narrow. Pappus-hairs few and shorter than in the three 

 preceding species, and enclosed at the base in a minute membranous cup. 



In wet pastures, ditches, and roadsides, in central and southern Europe 

 .ind western and central Asia, extending northwards to tlie Baltic. Abun- 

 dant in southern England and Ireland, becoming rare in the north, and 

 scarcely found in Scotland. Ft. summer and autumn. This and the fol- 

 lowing species are sometimes separated as a genus, under the name of 

 Pulicaria. 



5. Small Inule. Inula Pulicaria, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 1196, Fleahane.) 



An erect, branching annual, seldom a foot high, with narrower and less 

 woolly leaves than the common I., which it resembles m many respects. 

 Flower-heads much smaller, and the florets of the ray, although very 

 numerous, yellow, and spreading, are so short as at first sight to escape 

 obsei-vation. The minute outer scales of the pappus are distinct, not form- 

 ing a httle cup as in the common I. 



In moist waste places, roadsides, and sandy heaths, ranging over Europe, 

 extending eastward across Russian Asia, and northward to southern Sweden. 

 In Britain, chiefly in south-eastern England, and not known either in Ire- 

 land or Scotland, Fl. summer and autumn. 



YIII. DAISY. BELLIS. 



Low herbs, with alternat« or radical, entire or toothed leaves. Flower- 

 heads soHtary, on radical or axillary peduncles, vsdth a yellow disk and white 

 or pink ray. Involucre hemispherical, with many bracts of equal length, 

 in about two rows, and green, not scarious, at the tips. Receptacle conical, 

 without scales. Achenes compressed, without any pappus. Style nearly 

 that of Aster. 



A small genus, extending over the temperate regions of the northern 

 hemisphere, 



1. Common Daisy. Bellis perennis, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 424.) 



Stock perennial, tufted. Leaves radical, obovate or oblong, slightly 

 toothed. Peduncles also radical, leafless, bearing single flower-heads. 

 Involucres green, nearly glabrous. Florets of the ray ligulate, white or 

 tinged with pink ; those of the disk numerous, small, and tubular. 



In pastures, common throughout Europe, except the extreme north, but 

 apparently not extending eastward beyond the Caucasus, nor ascending high 

 into mountain regions. Abimdant all over Britain. Fl. nearly the whole 

 year round. 



IX. CHRVSANTHEMUra. CHRYSANTHEMUM. 



Annual or perennial herbs (or, in some exotic species, shrubs), vrith alter- 

 nate toothed or variously dissected leaves, and radiating flower-heads, soH- 

 tary on terminal peduncles, or in coiymbs. Involucres hemispherical, with 

 a few rows of imbricate bracts, more or less scarious on the edges. Recep- 

 tacle flat or convex, vi-itliout scales. Achenes angular or striate, without 

 any pappus, but sometimes crowned with a minute raised border. Style 

 nearly that of Senecio. 



