COMPOSITE, 309 



A small genus, extending over central and southern Europe and western 

 Asia, but chiefly restricted to mountain districts. 



Eadical leaves deeply cordate. Stems usually with 3 to 5 flower-heads 1. Great D. 

 Kadieal leaves narrowed or rounded at the base. Stems usually with 



1 flower-head 2. Plantain D. 



1. Grreat Doronic. Doronicum Pardalianches, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2C54. Leo2yard's-hane.) 



Hootstock more or less creeping, often woolly at the crown. Radical 

 leaves broadly ovate and deeply cordate at the base. Stems about 2 feet 

 high, with but few leaves, mostly ovate; the lower ones stalked, but era- 

 bracing the stem by a broadly dilated base ; the upper ones small, sessile 

 or embracing the stem. Flower-heads generally 3 to 5, on long, leafless 

 peduncles ; the yellow rays numerous, and narrow. 



In woods, and mountain pastures, in central Europe, frequently culti- 

 vated in cottage gardens, and readily spreads m their vicinity. In IJritain, 

 only as an outcast from gardens, but apparently well established in several 

 parts of England and southern Scotland. Fl. spring and early summer. 



2. Plantain Doronic. Doronicum plantagineum, Linn. 



Differs from tlie great T>. chiefly in the radical leaves, which are never 

 cordate, usually narrowed or wedge-shaped at the base, and ratlier strongly 

 marked with 3 or 5 ribs ; the stem-leaves narrower than in the great D. ; 

 and the flower-head solitary on a long terminal peduncle, or very rarely, 

 when very luxuriant, the stem bears 2 or 3 heads. 



In open, sandy woods, in central and southern Europe, from the At- 

 lantic to the eastern frontier, extending in France considerably to the 

 northward of Paris. In Britain, like the last species, only as an escape 

 from cultivation. Fl. spring and early summer. Both the species vary, 

 either glabrous or hairy, and with their leaves entire or u-regularly toothed. 



XIX. BXDENS. BIDENS. 



Glabrous herbs, with opposite leaves, and hemispherical heads of yeUow 

 flowers. Involucres of 2 or 3 rows of bracts, the outer ones often longer 

 and leafy. Florets either all tubular, or the outer ones hgulate and radia- 

 ting. Receptacle with chaffy scales between the florets. Achenes flat- 

 tened, crowned by 2 or 3 (very rarely 4 or 5) short, stiff bristles or awns, 

 which are rough with minute deflexed prickles. 



A genus not veiy numerous in species, but diffused over the whole sur- 

 face of the globe, some species being among the commonest tropical weeds, 

 whilst otliers extend into the Arctic Circle. 



Leaves undivided 1. Nodding B. 



leaves deeply cut into 3 or 5 segments 2. Three-cleft B. 



1. Nodding Bidens. Bidens cemua, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 1114. Bur-Marigold) 

 A rather stout, erect annual, 1 to 2 feet high, with spreading branches. 

 Leaves lanceolate and serrate, but not divided. Flower-heads drooping, 

 on terminal peduncles from \ an inch to an inch diameter ; the florets usu- 

 ally all tubular, but occasionally a few of the outer ones become hgulate. 

 Inner bracts of the involucre broad, and often shining, and yellow on their 



