^30 TnE COMPOSITE TAMILT. 



from broadly oblong to lanceolate, pointed, toothed, especrally in the lower 

 part, and clasping the stem by rather large, pointed auricles. Flower-heads 

 yellow, rather large, in corymbs of 8 or 10 ; tlie involucres more or less hairy, 

 with black, spreading hairs. The pappus is of a dirty white, almost like 

 that of a Uawkweed, but the achenes are distinctly contracted at the top 

 as in Crepis, and marked with 10 ribs or striae. 



In moist, shady situations, in northern Europe, and all across Eussian 

 Asia, becoming a mountain plant in southern Europe. Extends all over 

 Scotland, and southward into the central counties of Englancf, and into 

 South Wales. Fl. summer and autumn. 



XXXVII. HA-WK^VEED. HIEEACIUM. 



Herbs, with a perennial stock, entire or toothed leaves, and yellow or- 

 rarely orange-red flower-heads, either on leafless radical peduncles, or in 

 terminal corymbs or panicles on leafy stems. Involucre more or less im- 

 bricated. Eeceptacle without scales. Achenes angular or striated, not 

 narrowed at the top ; with a pappus of simple, generally stiff hairs, of a 

 tawny-white or brownish colour. 



A rather numerous European and north Asiatic genus, with a few Ame- 

 rican species, very nearly allied to Crepis, but the achenes are not per- 

 ceptibly contracted at the top, and the hairs of the pappus are usually 

 stiffer, and never so white. The habit is also different, with the exception 

 of a few species, which are also intennediate in more essential characters. 

 The species are some of them very variable, and specimens are frequently 

 found apparently intermediate between some of the commonest ones. In 

 the attempt to classify these forms, and to give greater exactness to their 

 definitions, modern botanists have distributed them into a large number of 

 supposed species, amounting to between 30 and 40 for Britain alone. But 

 the difficulty of distinguishing them appears only to increase with their 

 subdivision, and the seven here enumerated will probably be found to be 

 the only truly botanical species indigenous to Britain.* 



Peduncles radical, bearing a single flower-head. 



Peduncles leafless. Stems creeping. Leayes white underneath. 



Flower-heads pale yellow 1. Mome-ear H. ■ 



Peduncles or flower-stems with one or more narrow leaves. 

 No creeping stems. Leaves not white. Plower-heads large, 

 bright yellow. 



Eadical leaves ovate. Involucres with short hairs 3. Wall H. 



Radical leaves narrow. Involucres with long hairs 2, Alpine H. 



Flowering-stems with more than one flower-head. 



Radical leaces mostly persistent at the time of Jlowering. Stem- 

 learesoneorfem. Outer iyivolucral Iractn few and short. 

 Stem-leaves ovate and toothed, or small and narrow, stalked or 



sessile, scarcely stem-clasping • 3' ^MH- 



Stem-leaves one or two, entire, glaucous, olaspingthe stem with 



broad, rounded auricles . ' ^ 4. Moneywort H. 



Ifo radical leaces at the time of flowering. Slemt leafy. Outer 

 incolucrcd bracts imbricated. 

 Upper stem-leaves sessUe or shortly stalked, not clasping the 

 stem. 

 Upper stem-leaves all tapering at the base, usually narrow . 5. Vmbellate H. 

 Upper stem-leaves short and broad, rounded at the base . , 6. Savoy H. 



* For further details on the proposed species or permanent varieties, see Backhouse's 

 ' Jlonograph of the British Hieracia,' where the principal British forms are carefuUy 

 described, and distributed into 33 species. 



i 



