COMPOSITE. 331 



Upper stem-leaves clasping the stem. 



Auricles of the stem-leaves short aud rounded. 



Stem-leaves several, ciliate. Pappus dirty-white .... 7. Prenanth S, 

 Stem-leaves very few, glabrous. Pappus very white, and 



soft HawJcweed Crepis, 



Auricles of the stem-leaves long and very pointed, or angular Marsh Crepis. 



1. Mouse-ear Havirk'weed. Hieracium Pilosella, Liim. 



(Eng. Bot. t. 1093.) 



Stock perennial, with spreading tufts of radical leaves, and creeping, 

 leafy, barren shoots. Leaves much smaller than in the British species, 

 oblong or lanceolate, entire, tapering at the base, and often stalked, green 

 above with a few long hairs, white underneath with a short stellate down. 

 Peduncles radical, with a single head of leraon-coloured flowers, often 

 tinged with red on the outside. Involucres and upper part of the peduncle 

 more or less clothed with a minute and close, whitish down, mixed with 

 short, stiff, spreading black hairs. Achenes shorter in proportion to the 

 pappus than in the other species. 



In dry pastures, on banks and roadsides, throughout Europe and Russian 

 Asia, from the Mediterranean to the Arctic regions. Very common in Bri- 

 tain. Fl. the tvhole season. In southern Europe it is very variable, but in 

 Britain presents no difficulties. Tlie only other species -ndth creeping run- 

 ners ever admitted into oiu' Floras, the orange 3. {If. awantiacmn, Eng. 

 Bot. t. 1469), is a native of the mountains of southern Europe, which may 

 here and there have spread out of some cottage gardens, but is not natu- 

 ralized ; it has i-adical peduncles, bearing a corymb of small, orange-red 

 ilower-heads. 



2. Alpine HaTvk'nreecl. Hieracium alpinum, Linn. 



(Eng. Bot. t. 1110.) 



Rootstock short and thick, sometimes sliortly creeping, but witliout creep- 

 ing leafy stems. Leaves chiefly radical, oblong or lanceolate, slightly toothed, 

 green, with a few long hairs. Peduncles or flower-stems about 6 inches high, 

 simple or rarely divided into 2 simple branches ; they usually bear 1, 2, or 

 even 3 small narrow leaves, and a single rather large head of bright yellow 

 flowers. Involucres and peduncles more or less clothed with long rusty 

 hairs ; the outer bracts few and small, as in the wall H. 



A high alpine or Arctic species, spread over the mountains of northern 

 and Arctic Europe and Asia, and the higher ranges of central and southern 

 Europe. Not uncommon in the Highlands of Scotland and in the moun- 

 tains of North Wales, and found also in some parts of north-western Eng- 

 land. Fl. summer. In its ordinary state it is easily enough recognized, but 

 in the Scotch Highlands varieties sometimes occur with broader leaves, more 

 elongated flower-stems, and less shaggy involucres, almost intermediate be- 

 tween this and the wall H., which has induced some botanists to beheve 

 that the former may be but a high alpine variety of the latter. 



3. ^ITall Haivlcnreed. Hieracium murorum, Linn. 



(Eng. Bot. t. 2082 ; II. maaulatum, t. 2121, H. pulmonarium, t. 2307, and 



H. Lapeyrousii, Suppl. t. 2915.) 



The short perennial stock bears a spreading tuft of rather large, ovate or 



oblong leaves, always stalked, sometimes very obtuse and nearly entire, more 



frequently pointed and coarsely toothed, especially near the base, sometimes 



