CAMPANtrLACEJ3. 339 



2. Nettle-leaved Campanula. Campanula Trachelium, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 12.) 



A variable species, sometimes approaching in appearance the smaller 

 specimens of the giant C, sometimes with the upper flowers almost con- 

 tracted into a head or cluster like the clustered C. Lower leaves on long 

 stalks, always bi'oadly heart-shaped and coarsely toothed ; the upper ones 

 small and ovate-lanceolate. Flowers large, two or three together in short 

 leafy racemes in the upper axils or at the siunmit of the stem, or sometimes 

 solitary, as in VaB giant C; the calyx stiffly hairy, with broadly -lanceolate 

 segments. 



Its stations and geographical range are nearly the same as those of the 

 giant C, extending all across Russian Asia, but it appears to be more 

 generally diffused in western Europe. It is also more common in England, 

 but rare in Ireland, and very doubtfully indigenous in Scotland. Fl. summer. 



3. Giant Campanula. Campanula latifolia, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 302.) 



A tall, handsome species, with nearly simple stems ; the leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate, pointed and toothed, often 6 inches long and at least 2 inches 

 broad, all narrowed at the base, and the lower ones stalked. Flowers large, 

 blue or white, solitary in the axils of the upper leaves, forming a leafy ra- 

 ceme, the uppermost exceeding their leaves. Capsules short, crowned by 

 the long-lanceolate calyx-segments, and opening by short clefts at the base. 



In the woods of northern Europe and Russian and central Asia, and ex- 

 tending to the Arctic regions, but becomes rather a mountain plant in 

 southern Europe. Pretty frequent in Ireland, southern Scotland, and 

 northern England, but apparently shunning the extreme counties at both 

 ends of Great Britain. Fl. summer. 



4. Creeping Campanula. Campanula rapunculoides, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 1369.) 



Bootstock more creeping than in the other species, with a simple erect 

 stem 1 to 2 feet high. Lower leaves on long stalks, and heart-shaped ; the 

 upper ones small, ovate-lanceolate. Flowers drooping, not so large as in 

 the two last species, but varying in size ; they grow singly in the axils of 

 small floral leaves, forming long, terminal, simple racemes. Capsules nearly 

 globular, crowned by the linear or narrow -lanceolate lobes of the calyx, and 

 opening by small clefts at the base. 



In open woods, in central and southern Europe and western Asia. Hav- 

 ing been early cultivated in gardens, and when once planted in a genial soil 

 becoming often difficult of extirpation, it is doubtful how far it may be in- 

 digenous in the more northern stations given for it. In Britain, admitted 

 as a native of a few localities distantly scattered over England and Scotland, 

 but evidently with much doubt. Fl. summer. 



5. Rampion Campanula. Campanula Rapunculus, Linn. 



(Eng. Bot. t. 283. Bamps or Garden Rampion.) 



An erect, stiiT, but rather slender perennial, more or less covered with stiff 



wlute hairs, which almost disappear when cultivated. Radical leaves oblong 



or ovate, on long stalks, and slightly crenate ; the stem-leaves narrow and 



mostly entire. Flowers small, on sliort peduncles, forming long, simple, or 



