374 THE BOBAGE FAMILY. 



nuts. The NemopMlas and Eutocas of our flower-gardens belong to the 

 small allied Hydrophyllum family, which has the inflorescence and flowers 

 of the Borage family, but the fruit is a capsule, and the leaves often 

 divided. 



L ECKZXna. ECHITJM. 



Coarse biennials, or, in exotic species, half-shrubby perennials, with blue 

 or purple flowers. Calyx deeply divided. Corolla with a broad, open 

 mouth to the tube, and an obUque limb, vsith 5 erect or scarcely spreading, 

 unequal teeth or lobes. Stamens protruding from the tube, and unequal in 

 length. Style 2-cleft. Nuts wrinkled. 



A rather numerous genus in the Canary Islands and western and southern 

 Africa, with a few European and west Asiatic species. 



Stems very erect. Corolla-tube narrow to the top of the calyx. Longest 



stamens longer than the corolla 1. CommonS, 



Stems ascending. Corolla-tube broadly campanulate. Longest stamens 



not longer than the lower lobes of the eoroUa 2. JPurple E. 



1. Common Echium. Echium vulgare, Linn. 



(Eng. Bot. t. 181. Viper's Bitgloss.) 



Stem erect, 1 to 2 feet high, covered with stifl", spreading, almost prickly 

 hairs. Radical leaves stalked and spreading, but often withered away at 

 the time of flowering ; the stem-leaves hnear-lanceolate, several inches long. 

 Flowers showy, at first of a reddish purple, turning afterwards bright blue, 

 in numerous one-sided spikes, forming a long terminal panicle. Corolla 

 about 7 lines long, the narrow part of the tube about as long as the calyx, 

 the limh very oblique, the longest stamens longer than its lower lobes. 



On roadsides and waste places, throughout Europe and western Asia, 

 except the extreme north. Dispersed over a great part of Britain, abun- 

 dant in some parts of southern England, but becomes more rare in the 

 north. FL all siimmer. 



2. Purple Echium. Echium violaceum, Linn. 



(Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2798.) 



Eadical leaves broader and more permanent than in the common U. ; the 

 stems branched from the base, and more spreading ; the flowering spikes 

 fewer and much longer ; the flowers highly coloured, much larger, often 

 an inch long ; the narrow part of the tube very short, spreading into a 

 broad-campanulate throat, with a very oblique limb ; the lower lobes rather 

 longer than the longest stamens. 



In waste places, chiefly near the sea, in southern Europe, and extending 

 up the western coasts to the Channel Islands. FL swnmer. 



II. I.UNGAVORT. PULMONARIA. 



Perennial herbs, with a creeping rootstock and rather large blue or piurple 

 flowers. Calyx tubular-campanulate, 5-toothed or cleft to the middle only. 

 CoroUa with a straight tube open at the mouth, without scales, and a 

 spreading, 5-lobed hmb. Stamens included in the tube. Nuts smooth. 



A Eirropean genus, limited to a very few species. 



