SCROPHtrLAEIjSTEJE. 389 



Corolla half as long again, the upper lip entire or slightly notched. 

 Stamens and style nearly as long as the coroUa, or sometimes, especially the 

 style, projecting beyond it. 



On the roots of trees, especially the Hazel, throughout Europe and 

 central and Russian Asia, except the extreme north. Not uncommon in 

 England and Ireland, and extends into the southern counties of Scotland. 

 Fl. early spring. 



LVI. SCROPHTJLARIA FAMILY. SCEOPHULAEINE^. 



Herbs, or in some exotic species shrubs, with opposite or 

 alternate leaves, and no stipules. Calyx persisting round the 

 fruit, usually with 5 teeth or segments, sometimes fewer. 

 Corolla monopetalous, usually 2-lipped, but sometimes nearly 

 regular, with 4, 5, or rarely more lobes, always overlapping one 

 another in the bud. Stamens usually 2 or 4, in 2 pairs, very 

 rarely 5, inserted in the tube of the corolla. Ovary and cap- 

 sule divided into 2 cells, with several seeds in each cell. Style 

 simple, usually ending in a 2-cleft stigma. 



A numerous family, widely diffused over the globe, from the Arctic Circle 

 to the tropics, although more abundant in temperate regions than in the 

 extremes of heat or cold, and, generally speaking, well marked by the 2- 

 lipped or personate coroUa, the stamens in pairs, and the several seeds in 

 each cell of the capsule; but there are some anomalous genera in which 

 these characters are much modified, and two large and natural exotic fami- 

 lies, the Bignonia and Acanthus families, are only to be accurately distin- 

 guished from Scrophularinece by an attentive study of minute characters. 

 To the first of these belong the Bignonias and Teoomas of our hothouses, 

 as well as the Catalpa, often planted in our gardens, and (if taken in its 

 most extended sense) the numerous hothouse Gesnerias, Gloxinias, Achi- 

 menes, etc. The Acanthacece include Jtistieias, Ruellias, and many modem 

 hothouse genera with long names, besides the Eiu-opean Acanthus, which 

 gives its name to the family. 



Corolla rotate or concave, with a very short tube. 



Stamens 2. Corolla 4-cleft, never yellow 9. Vekonica. 



Stamens 4 or more. 



Tall, coarse, erect plants. Stamens 5, often woolly 1. Mulleik. 



Smill or creeping plants. Stamens 4, glabrous. 

 Glabrous, almost stemless plant, with radical leaves and mi- 

 nute, clustered flowers 6. LiMOSEL. 



Slender, creeping, hairy plant, with orbicular, alternate leaves, 



and axillary, stalked flowers 7. Sibthokpia. 



Corolla with a distinct tube. 

 Tube of the coroUa with a spear or protuberance at the base, the 

 mouth closed by a projecting palate. 



Tube of the corolla spurred 3. Linaeia. 



Tube of the corolla with a slight protuberance at the base. . . 2. SNAPDBAaoir, 

 Tube of the coroUa straight at the base, the mouth open (except 

 in Mflanipi/rum). 

 Calyx with 5 lobes or teeth, or 2 or Z leaf y jagged lobes. 

 CoroUa nearly globular, smaU, dingy, with 5 unequal lobes, not 



2-Upped 4. ScEOpnuLARiA. 



21-2 



