lABIATJE, 421 



XI. HOREHOUND. MAHEUBIUM. 



Perennial herbs, usually cottony or woolly, with much wrinkled leaves and 

 rather smaU flowers in axillary whorls or clusters. Calyx with 5 or 10 ribs 

 and as many equal pointed teeth. Corolla with a short tube ; the upper hp 

 erect, usually notched ; the lower lip spreading and 3-lobed. Stamens 4, 

 included witliin the tube of the corolla, aU the anthers 2-celled. Nuts 

 rounded at the top. 



A rather numerous genus in southern Europe and western Asia, readily 

 distinguished amongst British Labiates by the included stamens, and in 

 that respect allied to the extensive south European genus Sideritis, whicj 

 however has different anthers. 



1. Commoii Horehound. Marrubiuiu vulgare, Linn. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 410. White Horehound:) 



Stem rather thick, a foot and a half high, with spreading branches, thickly 

 covered with a white cottony wool. Leaves stalked, orbicular, soft, and 

 much wrinkled. Flowers in dense whorls or chisters in the axils of the 

 upper leaves, small, of a dirty white. Calyx with 10 small, hooked teeth. 

 Upper lip of the coroUa narrow, erect, and 2-cleft. 



On roadsides and waste places, in temperate and southern Europe and 

 central and Russian Asia, extending northwards into Scandinavia, and now 

 naturalized in several parts of America and other countries. Not a common 

 plant in England or Ireland, and still more rare in Scotland, although it 

 may occasionally be foimd in abundance at particular locahties. FL sum- 

 mer and autumn. 



XII. STACHYS. STACHYS. 



Rather coarse, hairy herbs (or, in some exotic species, low shrubs), with 

 the leaves often cordate, and flowers, in the British species, in whorls of 6 or 

 more, formmg terminal racemes, spikes, or heads. Calyx 5- or 10-ribbed, 

 with 5 nearly equal, erect or spreading, pointed teeth. Corolla with the 

 upper Up erect, concave, and entire ; the lower hp longer, spreading, 3-lobed, 

 the lateral lobes often reflexed. Stamens 4, in pairs under the upper lip. 

 Nuts smooth, rounded at the top. 



A numerous genus, spread over nearly the whole world, but within the 

 tropics hmited to mountain districts. 



Erect perenuials, 1 to 3 feet high. 



Plant thickly coTered with a white silky wool. Flowers numerous, in 



crowded whorls 2. Downy S. 



Plant green, more or less hairy. 

 Flowers many in each whorl, forming a close, oblong terminal spike. 



Leaves mostly radical 1. Betony S. 



Flowers 6 to 10 in each whorl, forming a long, loose terminal spike. 

 Stem leafy. 



Lower leaves long-stalked, ovate, deeply cordate 3, Hedge S. 



Leaves short-stalked or sessile, oblong or lanceolate, scarcely 



cordate 4. M'arsh S. 



Low, weak, or spreading annual, with small flowers 5. Fields. 



The S. annua (Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2669), a low, erect, south European 

 annual, with yellow flowers the size of those of the marsh S., has been in- 

 serted in some British Floras, probably from having appeared among the 

 weeds in some cornfield. The 5. coccinea, fi-om Mexico, with red flowers, 

 and a few other exotic species, are occasionally cultivated in flower-gardens. 



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