512 THE OUCHID TAMILT. 



XII. HABENARIA. HAEENAEIA. 



Foliage, inflorescence, and spurred flowers of Orchis, but the antlier-cells, 

 instead of converging at the base, are either parallel or more or less diverging. 



An extensive genus, chiefly distributed over Asia and America. The table 

 of species is included above in that of Orchis. 



1. Butterfly Habenaria. Habenaria bifolia, Br. 



{Orchis, Eng. Bot. t. 22, and Suppl. t. 2806.) 

 Tubers entire. Stem 1 to 1^ feet high, with 2 rather large leaves at its 

 base, varying from broadly ovate to oblong ; the outer leaves very few, and 

 usually reduced to sheatliing scales. Flowers pui'e white or with a sHght 

 greenish tinge, rather large, and sweet-scented, in a loose spike from 3 to 6 

 or 8 inches long, with lanceolate bracts about the length of the ovary. Two 

 lateral sepals spreading, the upper one arching over the column with the 

 petals. Lip linear and entire, rather longer than the sepals, and usually 

 greenish at the tip. Spur slender, twice as long as the ovary. 



In moist pastures, and meadows, on grassy slopes and open places in 

 moist woods, throughout Europe and Russian Asia, from the Mediterranean 

 to the Arctic Circle. Generally distributed over Britain. Fl. all summer. 

 It varies much in the breadth of the leaves as well as of the parts of the 

 flower, and the extreme forms have been distinguished as species, the name 

 of H. chtorantha being given to those in which the flowers are large, usually 

 very white (although the name means ' green-flowered '), and the anther-cells 

 much more broadly diverging at the base. But every intermediate may be 

 observed between the broad and the narrow forms. 



2. Small Habenaria. Habenaria albida, Br. 



{Satyrium, Eng. Bot. t. 505. Gymnadenia, Bab. Man.) 

 In stature, and its small flowers with very short spurs, this species 

 approaches the dwarf Orchis, but the flowers are white, and the anthers are 

 more Uke those of Habenaria than of Orchis. Tlie rootstock produces 

 several thickened fibres,, sometimes uniting into a deeply divided tuber. 

 Stem 6 to 8 inches high, with a few oblong leaves. Spike dense, cyUndrical, 

 1 to 2 inches long, with numerous small, sweet-scented flowers. Sepals 

 concave, but open, scarcely above a hue long ; the lip about their length, 

 with 3 entire lobes, the middle one the longest. 



In mountain pastures, in northern and Arctic Europe, and in the great 

 mountain-ranges of central Europe. Abundant in some of the Scotch High- 

 lands, and extends into northern England, North Wales, and Ireland. Fl. 

 summer. 



3. Grreen Habenaria. Habenaria viridis, Br. 



{Satyrium, Eng. Bot. t. 94.) 



Tubers more or less lobed. Stem 6 to 8 inches high, with a few ovate or 

 oblong leaves, and a rather close spike of yellowish-green flowers, rather 

 larger than in the small H., but with the same very short spur or pouch. 

 Bracts usually longer than the ovary. Sepals converging over the column 

 and petals, about 2? or 3 lines long. Lip longer and hanging, oblong, with 

 nearly parallel sides, and 3 or sometimes only 2 very short lobes at the tip. 



In dry, hUly pastures, in Europe and Russian Asia, from the Mediterra- 

 nean to the Aictic regions, but rather a mountain plant in the south. Fre- 



