JTJNCACE^. 539 



pale green, with scarious edges, 3 outer ones longer than the 3 others. Cap- 

 sule oblong, shorter than the perianth. 



In wet places, widely spread over the greater part of the world. Abun- 

 dant in Britain. Fl. all summer. 



10. Capitate Rush. Juncus capitatus, Weig. 

 (Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2644.) 



A slender, tufted annual, 2 or 3 inches high, resembhng the smaller 

 specimens of the toad E., but the flowers are smaller, collected in terminal 

 clusters of 6 or 8, with very rarely a second or third cluster lower down. 

 Stamens usually 3. 



In sandy situations, in western and southern Europe, and again in the 

 Netherlands, north Germany, and southern Scandinavia, but in central Eu- 

 rope scarcely eastward of the Rhine. In the British Isles only recorded 

 from Jersey, but is not unlikely to be found in the southern counties of 

 England. Fl. summer. 



11. Sea Rush. Juncus maritimus. Lam. 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 1725.) 



Stems 2 to 3 feet high, in large tufts, very rigid, terminating in a prickly 

 point, the sheathing scales at their base also terminating eacli in a stiiF, cy- 

 lindrical, stem-hke, prickly leaf, shorter than the real stems. Flowers rather 

 numerous, in little clusters, forming a loose, irregularly compound panicle ; 

 the outer bract at its base erect and nearly as long as or longer than the panicle, 

 but more dilated at the base and looking less like a continuation of the stem 

 than in the common R. Perianth-segments about 1^ lines long. Capsule 

 rather shorter, or scarcely longer. 



In maritime sands, widely spread along the shores of the Atlantic, from 

 North America and Europe far into the southern hemisphere, and along the 

 Mediterranean to the Caspian Sea, but not penetrating far into the Baltic, 

 and not an Arctic plant. Occurs on many parts of the EngUsh and Irish 

 coasts, but rare in Scotland. Fl. summer, rather late. 



12. Sharp Rush. Juncus acutus, Linn. 



(Eng. Bot. t. 1614.) 



Very near the sea R., but more rigid and prickly, the flowers rather 

 larger, not so numerous, in closer panicles, and usvially browner, and the 

 stout capsule is considerably longer than the perianth -segments. 



In maritime sands, along the shores of the Atlantic, and up the Mediter- 

 ranean to the Caspian Sea, but not on those of the North Sea or the Baltic, 

 nor yet recorded from the southern hemisphere. Eather more frequent than 

 the sea R. on the south-western coasts of England, South Wales, and Ire- 

 land, but does not appear to extend so far to the east or the north. Fl. sum- 

 mer, rather early. 



13. Highland Rush. Juncus trifidus, Linn. 



(Eng. Bot. t. 1482.) 

 Perennial stock densely tufted, formed of a shortly creeping rootstock 

 and the persistent bases of the numerous stems and closely sheatliing brown 

 scales. Stems slender, not 6 inches high, with 2 or 3 slender, filiform 

 leaves or bracts in their upper part, 2 or 3 inches long, the 1 or 2 upper- 

 most having at their base a single sessile flower or a cluster of 2 or 3. Peri- 

 anth-segments very pointed, rather longer than the capsule. 



