SYNGENESIA— POLYGAMIA-^QU. Picris. 339 



abrupt, with 5 teeth. Filam. 5, capillary, very short, 

 Ant/i. in a cylindrical tube. Germ, nearly ovate. Sfi/le 

 thread-shaped, the length of the stamens. Stigm. 2, re- 

 flexed. Seed-vessel none, except the permanent calyx, 

 finally reflexed. Seed swelling, obtuse, transversely wrin- 

 kled. Dowti feathery, either sessile or stalked, llecept. 

 naked, dotted. 

 Annual, biennial, or perennial, upright branching leafy 

 herbs, rough with rigid or bristly hairs, and extremely 

 bitter, as the generic name imports. Leaves oblong ; 

 toothed or sinuated. FI. yellow. 



1. P. echioides. Bristly Ox-tongue. 



Outer calyx of five broad prickly scales. Down stalked. 

 Leaves wavy. 



P. echioides. Linn. Sp. PI. 1 1 14. H. Br. 814. Engl. Bot. v. 14. 



t. 972. Curt. Lond.fasc. S.t.ol. 

 Helmintia echioides. Willd. v. 3. 1 607. Gcertn. v. 2. 368. 

 Hieracium echioides, capitulis cardui benedicti. Bauh. Pin. \ 28. 



Rail Syn. 166. Bauh. Hist. v. 2. 1 028./. 1029. 

 Buglossum luteum. Ger. Em. 798./. 

 B. echioides luteum, Hieraciocognatum. Lob. Ic. 577,/. 

 Ox-tongue Hawkweed. Petiv. H. Brit. t. 12./. 12. 



About hedges, the borders of fields, and in ground newly cleared, 

 on a clay soil. 



Annual. June, July. 



Root tapering, and, like the whole plant, abounding with a some- 

 what milky, extremely bitter, juice. Herb bright shining green, 

 beset with rigid very pungent bristles, each springing from a 

 white tubercle or wart. Stem round, furrowed, solid, branched, 

 leafy, 2 or 3 feet high. Lower leaves lanceolate ; upper heart- 

 shaped, clasping the stem. Fl. an inch broad, of a bright golden 

 yellow. Outer calyx of 5 broad, heart shaped, loosely spreading 

 leaves, or scales, as long as the inner one, and fringed with 

 prickles. .Seeds curiously wrinkled or furrowed transversely, a 

 more striking and important character of the genus than the in- 

 sertion of their feathery down, which in this species is elevated 

 on a stalk about its own length. 



M. Reynier gathered P. echioides in Switzerland, but it is not in 

 Haller. 



A nearly smooth variety of the plant before us is represented in 

 Hermann's Paradisus, p. 185. 



2. P. hieracioides. Hawkweed Ox-tongue. 



^Outer calyx of numerous scales, much shorter than the 



