388 SYNGENESIA— POLYGAMIA-iEQU. Cnicus. 



ing spinous lobes. Calyx ovate, shaggy. Stem furrow- 

 ed, hairy. 



C. lanceolatus. Willd. Sp.Pl.v.3. 1666. Comp.ed.4.\34. Hook. 

 Scot:236. 



Carduus lanceolatus. Linn. Sp. PL 1 149. Fl. Br. 847 Engl. Bot. 

 v.2.t.\07. Mart.R7tst.t.\3\. Fl. Dan. t \\73. 



C. lanceolatus, sive sylvestris Dodonaei. Bauh. Hist. v. 3.p.\. 58./. 



C. lanceatus. Raii Syn. 195. Ger. Em. 1 1 74. f. 



C. lanceatus latifolius. Bauh. Pin. 385. Mori^. v. 3. 153. sect. 7. 

 t.3\.f.7. 



Cirsiumn. 1G9. Hall. Hist. v. \. 74. 



Spear Thistle. Petiv. H. Brit. t. 21 ./. /. 



(3. Carduus lanceatus, flore et capite minoribus. Merr. Pin. 21. 

 Dill, in Raii Sijn. 195. 



y. C. lanceatus major. Dill, in Raii Si/n. 195. 



In waste ground, and on banks by road sides, common. 



Biennial. June — September. 



Root branching. Herb very prickly, of a greyish green. Stem up- 

 right, about 4 feet high, stout, solid, branched, angular, furrow- 

 ed, leafy, hairy or downy, many-flowered, copiously winged 

 with the decurrent lobed and spinous bases of the leaves, which 

 are alternate, long, spreading, hairy above, whiter and cottony 

 beneath, deeply pinnatifid ; their lobes spreading alternately, 

 somewhat palmate, armed with stout yellowish spines. Fl. large, 

 crimson, solitary, or not much crowded, at the tops of the 

 branches. Cal. of innumerable spinous-tipped scales, entangled 

 with fine cobweb-like threads. Florets uniform, regular. Anth. 

 yellow. Seeds brown, polished, their large feathery down losing 

 its hold by the shrinking of the point, or peg, at the top of the 

 seed, as in all of this genus and the last. 



The incurious and negligent farmer would do well to observe that 

 this cumbrous weed, being biennial, is readily destroyed, by 

 mowing before its flowers form seed. 



2. C. palustris. Marsh Plume- thistle. 



Leaves decurrent, pinnatifid, toothed, spinous, rough. 

 Flowers aggregate. Calyx ovate, minutely spinous, 

 nearly smooth. 



C. palustris. Willd. Sp.Pl.v.3.\662. Cmip.ed. 4.\3\. Hook. 



Scot. 236. 

 Carduus palustris. Linn. Sp. Pl.]\5\. Fl. Br. 850. Engl. Bot. 



V. 14. t. 974. Curt. Lond.fasc. 6. t. 56. Raii Syn. 194. Bauh. 



Pin. 377. Prodr. 156. 

 C. spinosissimus erectus angustifolius palustris. Moris, v. 3. 153. 



sect. 7. t. 32. f. 13. 

 Cirsium n. 170. Hall. Hist. v. \.74 ; excl. Loesel's syn. 

 Marsh Thistle. Petiv. H. Brit. t.2\.f. 4. 



