390 SYNGENESIA— POLYGAMIA-^QU. Cnicus. 



4. C. Forsteri. Branching Bog Plume-thistle. 



Leaves slightly decurrent, pinnatifid, spinous ; downy be- 

 neath. Stem panicled, hollow. Calyx ovate, rather cot- 

 tony ; outer scales spinous. 



In boggy woods. 



Near Frant, Sussex, two miles from Tonbridge Wells. Mr. T. F. 

 Forster. 



Perennial. July, August, '^&^'^' 



Root tapering, not creeping. Stem 3 or 4 feet high, eredt/leafy, 

 angular, furrowed, not winged ; more or less branched and pa- 

 nicled at the top. Leaves rather deeply pinnatifid, with partly 

 palmate, spreading lobes, tipped and fringed with rather small 

 spines ; the lowermost tapering at the base, and hairy or downy 

 on both sides ; those about the middle of the stem decurrent to 

 a small extent, cottony beneath ; uppermost gradually smaller 

 and narrower, oblong, undivided, heart-shaped and clasping at 

 the base. Fl. 2 or 3 together at the end of each branch, on 

 downy stalks, erect, rather larger than the preceding, and of a 

 fine deep crimson. Cal. ovate, beset with a small portion of 

 loose deciduous web ; outer scales spinous, with downy edges, 

 like the last ; inner tapering to a long, narrow, coloured point. 

 Seed-down delicately feathery. 



The fructification of this plant most accords with that of the two 

 last species ; while the herbage and habit approach some of the 

 following, or rather the exotic Cnicus rivularis, Willd. n. 30, 

 though very distinct from that, and, as far as I have been able to 

 determine, from all other described species of Cnicus or Carduus. 

 Mr. Forster observes that it increases in his garden by the root, 

 veiy sparingly by seeds ; perhaps from some partial imperfec- 

 tion in the flowers of the plants he happened to introduce. 



5. C. enophorus. Woolly-headed Plume-thistle. 



Leaves sessile, pinnatifid, with two-ranked spinous seg- 

 ments ; bristly above. Calyx globular, densely woolly, 

 leafy at the base. 



C. eriophorus. Willd. Sp. PL v. 3. 1669. Comp. ed. 4. 134. Hook. 



Scot. 237. 

 Carduus eriophorus. Linn. Sp. PL l\53. FL Br. 852. Engl.Bot. 



V. 6. t. 386. Huds. 354. With. 700. MilL Ic. t. 293. Jacq. 



Austr.t.\7\. 

 C. tomentosus. Corona fratrum dictus. Raii Syn. 195. Lob. Ic, 



V. 2, 9./. 

 C. eriocephalus. Ger. £wi. 1152./. Clus. Pann. 666, f. Hist. v,2. 



154./. Dod.PempL723.f. 

 C. capite tomentoso. Bauh. Hist. v. 3. p. 1.57. f. 

 Cirsium n. 1 68. HcdL Hist. v. 1 . 73. 

 Onopordon. DuJech. Hist. 1472. f ; bad. 



