468 SYNGENESIA— POL.-FRUSTRAN. Centaurea. 



** Calyx-scales palmate and spinous. 



5. C. Isnardi. Jersey Star-thistle. 



Calyx-scales with palmate spines. Leaves toothed, some- 

 what lyrate, roughish, slightly clasping the stem. Flow- 

 ers terminal, solitary ; leafy at the base. 



C. Isnardi. Linn. Sp. PlA2^b. Willd.v. 3. 2312. Fl.Br.9\2. 



Engl. Bot. V. 32. t. 2256. Dicks. H. Sicc.fasc. 1 6. 10. Hull 



ed.2.v. 1.247. 

 Calcitrapoides procumbens, Cichorii folio, flore purpurascente. 



Danti d'Isnard Mem. de I'Ac. des Sc. 378. t. 19. 



In meadows or pastures in the isle of Jersey. Dickson. 



Perennial. July, August. 



Root branching, with numerous fibres ; simple at the crown. 

 Stems several, recumbent, branched, leafy, angular, furrowed, 

 roughish, scarcely a span long. Leaves scattered, sessile, clasp- 

 ing the stem more or less, oblong, variously toothed or pinna- 

 tifid in a lyrate manner, minutely rough on both sides, but es- 

 pecially at the edges, not downy nor hoai7 ; their lobes tipped 

 with small spines ; lower ones largest, and somewhat stalked j 

 uppermost crowded under each flower, tapering at the base, and 

 not clasping. Fl. light purple ; the radiant_^orefs much smaller 

 in proportion than the foregoing ; disk convex. Anth. dark pur- 

 ple. Cal. globose ; scales ovate, smooth, green, each tipped 

 with 5 yellow spreading thorns, united in a palmate manner, 

 shorter than the scale. Mr. J. D. Sowerby, in drawing the 

 flower, observed a degree of irritability in Xh& filaments, which 

 contracted when the anthers were touched. The same has been 

 noticed by several persons in C. Calcitrapa. The seeds are obo- 

 vate, abrupt, each crowned with a tuft of bristles. 



*** Calyx-scales xmth double, or compound, spines. 



6. C. Calcitrapa. Common Star-thistle. 



Flowers lateral, sessile. Calyx-scales doubly spinous. 

 Leaves pinnatifid, toothed. Stem hairy, widely spread- 

 ing. 



C. Calcitrapa. Linn. Sp.Pl.\297. WiUd.v.3.23\7 . Fl.Br.9l2. 



Engl Bot. V. 2. t. 125. 

 Calcitrapa n. 194. Hall. Hist. v. 1. 84. 

 Carduus stellatus. Raii Syn. 196. Ger.Em.\\66.f. Dod. P erupt. 



733. f. Lob. lev. 2.11. f. 

 C. stellatus, sive Calcitrapa. Bauh. Hist. v. 3. p. 1 . 89./. 

 C. miiricatus, vulgo Calcitrapa dictus. Clus. Hist. v. 2. 7./. 

 Hippophaestum. Column. Phytob. 105. t. 107. 

 Polyacantha, Cord. Hist. 91.2./, 



