414 ICOSANDRIA— POLYGYNIA. Fragaria. 



dkenia ; for it seems the French school at present do 

 not allow the existence of any naked seeds. This is an 

 old subject of dispute, and is chiefly a difference of words. 

 Every seed, though it may not have a jpericarp^ must be 

 protected by an integument, which is its testa, or skin ; 

 see Introd. to Botany,/. 4 ; and in that sense indeed no 

 seed is naked. But the testa differs in texture and con- 

 figuration, in plants which have a seed-vessel, as well as 

 in others that have none. I agree with those physiolo- 

 gical botanists, of whom it is abundantly sufficient to 

 name Linnaeus, Jussieu and Gsertner, who admit of 

 naked seeds in Grasses, Umbellatce, the Didynamia Gy- 

 mnospermia, and many others. 



1. F. vesca. Wood Strawberry. 



Calyx of the fruit reflexed. Hairs of the footstalks widely 

 spreading; those of the partial flower-stalks close-pressed, 

 silky. 



F. vesca. Linn. Sp. PI. 708. fVilld. v. 2. 1090. H.Br. ^46. Conip. 

 79. Rees'sCycl. n. 1. Engl. Bot. v. 22. 1. 1524. Hook. Scot. 162. 



F. vulgaris. Bauh. Pin.326. Ehrh. Beitr. v. 7. 21. PI. Of. 425. 



F. n. 1 1 1 2. Hall. Hist. v. 2. 44. 



Fragaria. RaiiSyn.254. Ger.Em.997 .f.\. Brunf.Herb.v.2.35.f. 

 Canier. Epit. 765. f. Dalech. Hist. 614./. Trag. Hist. 500./. 



Fraga altera. Dod. Penipt. 672. f. 



Fragula. Cord. Hist. 1 73. 2./ 



Common Strawberry. Pet. H. Brit. t.40.f. 7. 



/S. Fragaria fructu hispido. Ger. Em. 998. Raii Syn. 254. 



F. spinoso fructu. Barrel. Ic. t. 90. 



In groves and thickets common . 



Perennial. May, June. 



Root rather woody, blackish, with many fibres, and sending forth 

 several long, trailing, hairy runners. These fix themselves at in- 

 tervals by fresh radicles, by which the plant is widely propagated. 

 Stems 4 or 5 inches high, erect, slightly leafy, clothed with soft 

 spreading hairs ; panicled, or somewhat cymose, at the top. 

 Leaves mostly radical, on long channelled footstalks, which are 

 rough with spreading hairs; 2 lateral leaflets unequal at the base. 

 Fl. erect ; their common stalks clothed with copious spreading 

 hairs ; partial ones with erect, or close-pressed, silky pubescence. 

 This character, constant in dry as well as recent specimens, is 

 expressed by apparent smoothness of these partial stalks, in the 

 wooden cuts to which 1 have referred. Fruit drooping, deep 

 scarlet, gratefully acid and aromatic, esteemed by Linneeus very 

 salutary for gouty constitutions. But he seems to have conceived 

 this opinion chiefly from observing the effect of Strawberries in 

 removing tartar from the teeth. 



