44. COMPOSITE. 85 



607. Carduus heterophyllus, Linn. 



Area * * [3 4] 5 6 7 8 9 10 H 12 13 14 15 16 17. 



South limit in Glamorgan ? Stafford, Derby. 



North limit in Sutherland, Skye, Ross, Aberdeen. 



Estimate of provinces 13. Estimate of counties 30. 



Latitude 51 — 59. Scottish type of distribution. 



A. A. regions. Midagrarian — Inferarctic zones. 



Descends to the coast level, in West Highlands. 



Ascends to 700 yards, in East Highlands. 



Range of mean annual temperature 47 (48) — 39. 



Native. Pratal, Paludal. Has been recorded (B. G. &c.) 

 to grow in Surrey, Middlesex, Norfolk, — counties far to the 

 south-east of those which are above indicated for the south- 

 em limit of the species in Britain. The two first have been 

 reported in all likelihood through mistaking specimens of 

 Carduus pratensis for the present species. The counties of 

 Norfolk and Glamorgan may be considered to require con- 

 firmation on more recent authority, although the latter 

 county seems sufficiently probable to justify its admission 

 at present. It is worthy of note that this boreal species, 

 too conspicuous to be easily overlooked, should not have 

 been observed in the province of North Isles ; nor does it 

 occur in the list of Faroe plants. 



Carduus oleraceus, Pers. 



Area [8]. 



Incognit. " I possess a specimen of the plant gathered 

 as wild in Lincolnshire, by the late Mr. Cole, of Bourne, 

 about 1823. The plant was then to be observed by the 



