IV 



CONTENTS. 



7. Vice-counties explained . 



8. Altitude of surface . 



9. General climate 



10. Rain and Humidity 



11. Temperature .... 



12. Relation of Temperature to Latitude 



13. Relation of Temperature to Altitude 



14. Temperature of the Seasons 



15. Extremes of Temperature 



PAGE 



139 

 142 



145 

 147 



150 

 153 

 159 

 166 

 170 



V. Summary of Distribution. 



An ordinal arrangement of the species, etc. . . 175 



1. Hibernian species, absent from Britain . . 227 



2. Explanations of the ' Summary of Distribution ' 228 



VI. Census op Species, by sub-provinces, etc. 



Arrangement according to tests of frequency . 234 



1. Summary of census by Provinces . . . 271 



2. Summary of census by Sub-provinces . . 272 



3. Summary of census by Counties . . . 272 



4. Explanations of the Census of Species . . 274 



VII. Areas of Species, by latitude and provinces. 

 1. Austral species, attenuating northward . . 282 



2. General species, more or less austral . 



3. Boreal and Montane species 



4. Explanations of the ' areas of species ' 



302 

 305 

 312 



VIII. Altitudes of Species. 



1. Upper limits on the Grampian mountains 



2. Upper limits in North England 



3. Upper limits elsewhere 



4. Explanations of ihe ' upper limits' 



5. Lower limits, and explanations . 



323 

 334 

 343 

 343 

 352 



