7. VIOLACE^. 181 



137. Viola lutea, " Hudsr 

 -, ••• f Q on 137,b. Viola amcena, " Symhr CTV^ 



Area [1] * * * 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18. 



South limit in Monmouthshire and Nottinghamshu'e. iJ^e^^itAc 



North hmit in the Hebrides and Ross-shire. 



Estimate of provinces 14. Estimate of counties 50. 



Latitude 51 — 59. Scottish type of distribution. 



A. A. regions. Superagrarian — Midarctic zones. 



Descends nearly to the coast level, in Scotland. 



Ascends to 900 yards, in the East Highlands. 



Range of mean annual temperature 47 — 38. 



Native. Pascual. Frequent in the hilly provinces of 

 the north and west, and spreading into the comparatively 

 low and plain tracts of Scotland. It will probably be 

 found that the pm-jjle a ariety, amcena, prevails towards the 

 "upper limits of the species, and the yellow variety at a low 

 elevation ; though I can say nothing very positive on this 

 (hii'erence, except that all my own notes of stations, having 

 an altitude of 2000 feet or upwards, are marked down ex- 

 pressly for the ' amoena ;' while recollection intimates that 

 the yellow-flowered variety is the more common at lower 

 elevations. I use 'pascual' as the most applicable term ; 

 but in its local situations the species becomes also an ' eri- 

 cetal' and 'uliginal.' That this is really an identical spe- 

 cies with V. grandiflora and sudetica, as announced in the 

 Companion to the Botanical Magazine (vol. 1, p. 158), 

 seems no longer to admit of doubt, although the spur of 

 the continental specimens is usually longer than that of our 

 more boreal plant. Strangely enough, the Botanical So- 

 ciety of Edinbiugh has distributed the continental V. gran- 

 diflora under the name of "Viola lactea, Sni.T while the 



