12. CARYOPHYLLACE.E. 191 



have refeiTed it to the superagrarian zone, partly on ac- 

 count of its locality of " Carse," Angus-shii'e, which is 

 barely within that zone ; but chiefly on account of Mr. 

 James Backhouse's remark in the Phytologist (alluding to 

 " Shull," where Listera cordata and Vaccinium Vitis Idaea 

 are stated to grow): — " Dianthus Anneria occasionally 

 springs up here, where the ling has been fresh burned off"." 

 The existence of the Listera and Vaccinium seems to indi- 

 cate the upper zone of the agrarian region. 



Dianthus barbatus, Linn. 



Area (********* 10 ;;. ^^ 13 14). 



Alien. Three localities are given for this species in 

 Woodford's Catalogue of Edinburgh Plants. In a manu' 

 script Flora of Renfrewshire, by Mr. Montgomery, it is 

 mentioned as growing on the " old castle of Elliestoiui, 

 naturalized." The locality of a " marl bank, in Studley 

 Woods," was introduced into the Botanist's Guide, on the 

 autliority of Mr. Bnmton. It would, perhaps, be better 

 assigned to the Incognito class, as a casual straggler only. 



147. Dianthus plumarius, Limi. 



148. Dianthus Caryophyllus, Linn. 



Area (**345678^ 10). 



Aliens. These are united, not because there is any 

 doubt about their specific distinctness, but because their 

 localities have been much confosed ; and they ai'e equally 

 aliens in England. With the exception of some of the 

 castle walls in Kent (as those of Rochester Castle), and 



