30G Of the Checks to Population Bk. ii. 



takes place, which is justly attributed to the im- 

 moderate use of brandy.* The mortality between 

 10 and 15 is so small, that only 1 in 47 males, and 

 1 in 29 females, die during this period. From 20 

 to 25 the mortality is so great, that 1 in 9 males 

 and 1 in 13 females die. The tables shew that 

 this extraordinary mortality is occasioned princi- 

 pally by pleurisies, high fevers, and consumptions. 

 Pleurisies destroy \, high fevers ±, and consump- 

 tions -i-, of the whole population. The three toge- 

 ther take off -f of all that die. 



The general mortality during the period from 

 1781 to 1785 was, according to M. Krafft, 1 in 

 37. In a former period it had been 1 in 35, and 

 in a subsequent period, when epidemic diseases 

 prevailed, it was 1 in 29. f This average mortality 

 is small for a large town ; but there is reason to 

 think, from a passage in M. Krafft's memoir,:}; that 

 the deaths in the hospitals, the prisons, and in the 

 Maison des Enfans trouves, are either entirely 

 omitted, or not given with correctness ; and un- 

 doubtedly the insertion of these deaths might make 

 a great difference in the apparent healthiness of 

 the town. 



In the Maison des Enfans trouves alone the 

 mortality is prodigious. No regular lists are 

 published, and verbal communications are always 

 liable to some uncertainty. I cannot therefore 



* Tooke's View of the Russian Empire, vol. ii. b. iii. p. 155. 



t Id. p. 151. 



+ Id. note, p. 150. 



