Ch. iv. the middle Parts of Europe. 333 



Upon this principle it has been calculated that 

 when the proportion of the people in the towns to 

 those in the country is as 1 to 3, then the mor- 

 tality is about 1 in 36 : which rises to 1 in 35, or 

 1 in 33, when the proportion of townsmen to vil- 

 lagers is 2 to 5, or 3 to 7 ; and falls below 1 in 36, 

 when this proportion is 2 to 7, or 1 to 4. On these 

 grounds the mortality in Prussia is 1 in 38 ; in 

 Pomerania, 1 in 37^ ; in the Neumark 1 in 37 ; in 

 the Churmark 1 in 35 ; according to the lists for 

 1756.* 



The nearest average measure of mortality for all 

 countries, taking towns and villages together, is, 

 according: to Sussmilch, 1 in 36.t But Crome 

 thinks that this measure, though it might possibly 

 have suited the time at which Sussmilch wrote, is 

 not correct at present, when in most of the states 

 of Europe both the number and size of the towns 

 have increased.^ He seems to be of opinion in- 

 deed, that this mortality was rather below the 

 truth in Sussmilch's time, and that now 1 in 30 

 would be found to be nearer the average measure. 

 It is not improbable that Sussmilch's proportion 

 is too small, as he had a little tendency, with many 

 other statistical writers, to throw out of his cal- 

 culations epidemic years ; but Crome has not ad- 

 vanced proofs sufficient to establish a general mea- 

 sure of mortality in opposition to that proposed by 



* Sussmilcb, Gottlicbe Ordnung, vol. iii. p. 60. 

 t Vol. i. c. ii. s. xxxv. p. 91. 



X dome, liber die Grosse und Bevolkerung der Europaiscben 

 Staaten, p. 1 16. 



