442 Of the Checks to Population Bk. ii. 



1821.* But it is calculated that out of the 

 640,500 males added for the army, navy, and 

 merchant service, above one-third must have been 

 Irish and foreigners. Adding therefore only -gig- 

 to the resident population in 1801 and 1811, and 

 on account of the peace allowing only -^ for the 

 absent males in 1821, the population of England 

 and Wales at the three different periods, without 

 reference to any supposed deficiency in the first 

 enumeration, will stand thus: in 1801, 9,168,000; 

 in 1811, 10,502,500; and in 1821, 12,218,500, giv- 

 ing an increase in the interval between 1800 and 

 1811 of 145 per cent, and in the interval between 

 1810 and 1821, of 16^ percent. The first of these 

 two rates of increase would double the population 

 in 51 and the other in 46 years. As, however, 

 there must always be some uncertainty respecting 

 the proportion of the persons employed in the 

 army, navy and merchant service, properly be- 

 longing to the resident population, and as the 

 male population is on other accounts more fre- 

 quently on the move than the female, it has been 

 judiciously proposed to estimate the rate of in- 

 crease by the female population alone. The 

 number of females in Great Britain was in 1801, 

 5,492,354; in 1811, 6,262,716; and in 1821, 

 7,253,728, giving an increase in the first period 

 of 14.02 per cent, and in the second of 15.82.-f" 

 The increase of Scotland taken by itself was in 



* Preliminary Observations, p. viii. 

 t Ibid. 



