508 



INDEX. 



Flanders, though so often the seat of 

 the most destructive wars, has al- 

 ways, after the resijite of a few years, 

 appeared as rich and as populous as 

 ever, i. 519. 



Florida, famine among the savages of, 

 i. 49. 



Food, want of, the most efficient of all 

 the checks to population, i. .53 9. 



Formosa, island of; its state with re- 

 spect to the checks to population, i. 

 87. 



Foundling-hospitals, m every view hurt- 

 ful to a state, i. 290 — management 

 of, and mortalit3' in, that at Peters- 

 burgh, 306, 307. 309— that at Mos- 

 cow, 310, 311 — pernicious nature of 

 establishments of this kind, 312, 

 313 — those in France, 375, note. 



France overrun by the ancient Scandi- 

 navian nations, i. 113 — State of, with 

 Respect to the Checks to Popula- 

 tion, 362 — population of, undimi- 

 nished, notwithstanding the losses 

 sustained during the revolution, ib. — 

 inquiry into the manner in which 

 such a circumstance might happen, 

 363 — proportion of unmarried per- 

 sons to the population, 363, 364 — 

 absolute population before the war, 

 .364 — proportion of annual mar- 

 riages, 364, 365 — losses during the 

 war according to dift'erent estimates, 

 367 — increase of agriculture, .'369 — 

 increased number of small ftirms, 

 370 — the means of subsistence have 

 probably remained unimpaired, if 

 they have not advanced, 371 — an- 

 nual births probably increased during 

 the revolution, and mortality of the 

 stationary inhabitants decreased, 371 

 — 373 — statements in the Statistique 

 Generate, &c. lately published, 373, 

 note — if the marriages have not in- 

 creased, this will be accounted for by 

 the extraordinary advance in the il- 

 legitimate births, 374,375 — error of 

 Sir Francis D'lvernois in reasoning 

 on the effects of the losses sustained 

 by the revolutionary contest, 376 — 

 the military strength, though not the 

 numerical population, impaired by 

 the revolution, 377, 378 — statements 

 from the Analyse des Procis Verbaux 

 des Conseils Ceneraux de Dqiarte- 

 mens, with respect to the popula- 

 tion, 379, notes — the state of agri- 

 culture, 380, note — pressure of the 

 land-tax, ib. note — the hospitals, and 

 charitable establishments, &c. 381, 



note — general result of these state- 

 ments, 382, note — highest average 

 proportion of births to deaths, 384 — 

 387. 

 France ; beneficial effects produced by 

 the revolution in France, ii. 116 — de- 

 structive consequences which would 

 attend the estahlishment of poor- 

 laws in, 348, note — misery existing 

 in, from an excess of population, 

 378 — 380 — source of the advan- 

 tages which it enjoys in respect to 

 population, 447, ct seq. 

 (1825), births, deaths, and mar- 

 riages, for six years, ending with 

 1822, with the annual average, i. 392 

 — population in 1820, ib. — -propor- 

 tions of births, deaths, and marriages, 

 ib. — of illegitimate to legitimate, 

 and of male to female births, 392, 

 393— -rate of increase, 393, 394— 

 period in which the population would 

 be doubled, 394 — increased rate of 

 population, to what attributable, 

 395.— See Births (1825).— See also 

 the article Paris. 

 Friendly Islands , state of, with respect 

 to the checks to population, i. 83 — 

 occasional scarcity in, 88, 89. 

 Friendly societies. See the article Be- 

 nefit Clubs. 

 Fruitfulness of marriages, method of 

 ascertaining it, i. 471 — 476 — pro- 

 portion of the born which lives to 

 marry, 476, 477 — consideration of 

 the earliness of marriages, compared 

 with the expectation of life, 485 — 

 the proportion of births to mar- 

 riages forms no criterion by which to 

 judge of the rate of increase, 490 — • 

 the preventive check best measured 

 by the smallness of the proportion of 

 of yearly births to the population, 

 492 — rate of increase, and period of 

 doubling, which would result from 

 any observed proportion of births to 

 deaths, and of these to the whole 

 population, 493 — Fruitfulness of 

 marriages at Vevey in Switzerland, 

 349 — estimate of, in different pans 

 of Russia, 300 — among the women 

 of Scotland, 459, 460, See also the 

 article Fecundity. 



Galla, an Abyssinian nation ; singular 

 custom respecting polygamy in, i. 

 150 — their massacres in war, 152. 



Garigana, a village of Africa ; its in- 



