110 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



It will be seen from the last measurement that the tooth contracts 

 from behind forwards very considerably. 

 A valuable and instructive specimen. 



No. 10. Elephas {Stegodon) hombifrons (dovibtfuUy referred to this 

 species).- — Fragment comj^rising the upjoer maxilla, left side, containing 

 a large tooth in situ ; the greater part of the outer surface of the max- 

 illa is sho^vn vertically, together with the extremity of the pterygoid 

 apophysis behind the alveolus. The posterior half of the crown of the 

 tooth is broken off, leaving only four white discs of wear in front. The 

 lirst ridge is entirely worn out, and the tooth must have belonged to a 

 very large-sized adult animal, for it appears to have been the last true 

 molar. 



Inches 



Entire length of tooth. 97 



Width of crown at fourth ridge . . . . . . .4*1 



Breadth of ivory disc of second ridge . . . . . . V2 



No. 19. Elephas {Loxodon) planifrons. — Fine fragment, comprising 

 the superior maxilla, left side, detached, with two molars in situ and the 

 greater portion of the palate ; broken off behind immediately to the rear of 

 the posterior border of the palatum, and in fi'ont near the commence- 

 ment of the diastema. The anterior tooth is well advanced in wear, 

 and shows about seven ridges, the two anterior of which have been 

 ground down to a common chsc. The plates are expanded somewhat 

 in a lozenge form in the middle. The enamel for an elephant is thick 

 and a good deal waved (or plaited) in this specimen ; the cro\vn is very 

 broad, the talon consists of about foiu- mannuilla?. The posterior molar 

 is broken off in a line with the posterior border of the j^alate, and only 

 shows four very thick ridges, which are in germ and completely covered 

 over with cement. The greater part of the section of the tooth shows 

 the low elevation of the ridges characteristic of E. planifrons and the 

 other Loxodons. This specimen is much weathered, and there is 

 hardly any matrix upon it. 



Dimensions. 



Length of fragment ...... 



Ditto anterior molar ...... 



Greatest breadth of crown of ditto 



Height of crown behind at the last ridge inside of ditto 



Length of fragment of last molar .... 



Height of second ridge of ditto .... 



Width of last ridge of ditto measiu-ed at the section 



Inches 



. 12- 



. 7- 



. 3-8 



. 2-9 



. 5-3 



. 4-2 



. 3-9 



No. 21. Elephas {Lox.) planifrons. — Fine specimen, lower jaw, left 

 side, comprising the greater portion in length of the horizontal ramiis, 

 broken off in front about the middle of the diastema, and in rear be- 

 hind the offset of the coronoid apophysis, mth two molars z'?i situ. The 

 frst is entire, being surroimded by the alveolar border and shows seven 

 ridges, the two anterior of which have their surface broken off; 

 the rest, with the exception of the last, being more or less worn ; the 

 ridges show the discs expanded in the middle with very thick enamel 

 plates, which are nearly free fi'om jilaiting, and the mammillfe appear 

 to have been thick and few in number, there being five to the last 

 ridge. This tooth appears to be the antepenultimate or first true 



