ELEPHANT AND MASTODON. 



119 



by the accessory mammillEe. The third ridge shows three discs, the 

 oiiter mammilla being nearly intact ; the fourth ridge is barely touched 

 in the middle, and the talon is entire. The talon on the right side 

 shows seven mammillEe, large and small, that on the left only four. 

 The posterior molars are in a state of germ, and the first ridge only is 

 preserved on the left side ; on the right side it is broken in the middle. 

 The posterior tooth is seen to be of much larger size than the anterior 

 one ; the first ridge consists of about five mammillse, with an accessory 

 mammilla behind the first and second. A portion of the enamel border 

 of the anterior ridge of the left molar is broken off on the oiitside. 



The enamel is very thick ; there is no appearance of crusta petrosa 

 on the furrows. The rugosity of the surface rims in transverse wavy 

 grooves or meshes somewhat as in the enamel surface of Ehinoceros, 

 but more marked. 



In firont of the right molar, inner side, there is a nearly obliterated 

 pit of one of the fangs of the molar preceding it which had been shed. 

 There is no trace of this on the left side, where the molar is more 

 advanced in wear, having been protruded earlier. 



The bony surface of the specimen when rmbroken is generally tinged 

 of a brownish red colour. 



This specimen is singularly free from matrix, of which not even the 

 smallest poi'tion is visible upon the discs of wear, or in the crevices 

 between the teeth. In this respect it resembles a fresh macerated bone. 

 A black shining sm-face covers the upper side irregularly, upon which 

 thin gold leaf has been freely dispersed. This, when tested by a hot iron, 

 proved to be caused by a coat of Thee-tsee varnish so commonly used by 

 the Burmese for lackering. This was evidently an artifice to enhance 

 the supposed value of the specimen, which appeared to the Burmese 

 King worthy of being made a royal present, and was so offered to the 

 Governor- General of India, by the Burmese Embassy at Calcutta, in 

 December, 1854. 



Dimensions of Molars. 



Length 



Width of crown in front 

 Ditto ditto behind . 

 Height of crown in front exteriorly 

 Ditto ditto interiorly 



Ditto ditto behind exteriorly 



Ditto ditto ditto interiorly 



Width of first ridge posterior molar 

 Exterior height of ditto ditto 



Other dimensions. 



Breadth across the two molars anteriorly 

 Ditto ditto posteriorly . 



Width of palate between molars anteriorly . 

 Ditto ditto posteriorly . 



■ Length of palate 



Extreme width of jaw behind ....... 10'7 



Greatest height from crown of molar behind to upper surface of 



fragment •••....... 6-5 



Thickness about middle between surface of palate and floor of 



nares 2-35 



