122 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



No. 30. Mastodon. — Dorsal vertebra; apophysis broken oiF; body 

 compressed and showing very approximated costal articulations. Trans- 

 verse diameter of body S'S inches ; antero-posterior diam. 3"5 inches ; 

 thickness 2 inches. Very small for a proboscidean vertebra ; highly infil- 

 trated with iron. 



C. From Perim Island. 



No. 1. Mastodon Perimensis. — Permanent molar, upper jaw, left 

 side, with four ridges complete, first ridge worn (antepenultimate). 

 Characteristic specimen. (See PI. IX. figs. 3 and 4.) 



No. 2. Mastodon Perimensis. — Upper molar, right side, probably 

 penultimate, with four ridges, the first two worn. Characteristic 

 specimen. (See PL IX. figs. 5 and 6.) 



No. 13. M. Perimensis. — Molar, unworn, with four ridges and 

 talon ; anterior portion wanting ; highly characteristic. 



No. 16. Mastodon? — Humerus, lower end, left side, huge size, in 

 two pieces. The largest known. 



No. 17. Mastodon? — First vertebra of neck (atlas) of large size, 

 very complete. 



No. 18. Mastodon or Elejyhant. — Cervical vertebra, in two pieces ; 

 left half of neural arch broken oiF and lost, belonging to an animal of 

 enormous size. 



No. 19. Mastodon or Elephant Dorsal vertebra (anterior) nearly 



complete. Spinous process of enormoiis size broken off; costal cup 

 present on left side. 



No. 20. Mastodon or Elephant ? — Lower extremity of a femur, right 

 side, in two pieces, of very remarkable form, with a considerable portion 

 of the shaft attached. The condyles are covered with Perim matrix, 

 which has become partly engrained with the bone, but the general 

 contour is visible, agreeing closely with the elephants and mastodons. 

 The shaft, however, gradually contracts from above the condyles into an 

 attenuated and comparatively slender shaft, such as is unknown among 

 these types, fossil or recent. The section of the shaft is a compressed 

 oval, with a very sharp edge at the outer side. Can this be a femur of 

 Dinotherium ? There are no ascertained remains of that genus in the 

 collection. 



Dimensions. 



Inches 

 Length of fragment 19-5 



Greatest width above condyles 7-5 



Antero-posterior diameter of condyle 6- 



Transverse diameter of shaft at fracture 4-1 



Antero-posterior ditto . . . . . . . . . 2'5 



No. 102. Mastodon Perimensis. — Fragment comprising a portion of 

 the horizontal ramus of the right lower jaw broken off vertically in 

 front of the penultimate molar, and behind at the commencement of 

 the offset of the coronoid process, showing the entire molar alveolus, 

 together with the hollow alveolus of another molar behind. The 

 molar unluckily has the crown very much mutilated, but it distinctly 

 shows the masses of foiu- ridges, bounded by a large fang in front and 



