CHALICOTHERIUM SIVALENSE. 211 



converging to a sharp point, in wliicli it is apparent not 

 only that there were no incisors, but also that such teeth 

 could not at any period of the animal's age have existed in a 

 developed form in the upper jaw. These intermaxillary 

 bones are even more rudimentary in amount of development 

 than occurs in the typical Euminantia, with which order 

 they closely agree in form. The evidence respecting the 

 absence of lower incisors is equally conclusive. The anterior 

 portion of the lower jaw of the same specimen is perfect to 

 the alveolar edge. A detached canine is seen on either side, 

 but the intervening space, ordinarily occupied by incisors, 

 is without a vestige of such teeth ; and the alveolar border 

 of the incisive region is contracted in correspondence with 

 the convergence of the intermaxillary bones above, and 

 sloped off to a fine edge, in which it is clear that no incisive 

 teeth could have been implanted. There is not a trace of 

 them, even in the most rudimentary form. 



We have here then, in the absence of incisive teeth in both 

 jaws, a character of a very unexpected nature, which at 

 once distinguishes Ghalicotherium from Anoplotherium, and 

 from every other known genus of the order. There is 

 nothing analogous to it among any of the Ungulata, whether 

 pachyderms or ruminants, hitherto described. 



Canines. — The upper jaw of Ghalicotherium Sivalense was 

 equally devoid of canines as of incisors. A vacant diasteme 

 of considerable length stretches without interruption from 

 the anterior premolar to the tip of the intermaxillary bone, 

 on either side. The animal was of sufficient age to have 

 developed permanent canines, if the species had been supplied 

 with such teeth ; and there is no indication upon the diasteme 

 in the shape of an obliterated alveolar pit, that the fossil was 

 furnished with deciduous canines of the milk series in the 

 upper jaw. A slight vacuity has been picked out, in clearing 

 away the matrix, on the diasteme at the point of junction 

 between the maxUlary and intermaxillary bones, which at 

 first sight might be taken for the alveolus of a very rudimen- 

 tary canine ; but the appearance, partly caused by an accidental 

 fracture, is deceptive ; the vacancy is seen to extend across 

 the palate, and indicates merely the very slight nature of the 

 connection between the maxillary and intermaxillary bones. 

 In this second character of dental suppression the Sewalik 

 Ghalicotherium also differs from Anoplotherium. 



But canines were present in the lower jaw. They are repre- 

 sented by figs. 3 and 5. The crown is thick, cuneiform, and 

 somewhat triangular in shape, thinning off into a blunt apex, 

 the anterior edge being short and nearly vertical, while the pos- 

 terior edge is longer and more sloping. It is implanted with 



p2 



