230 FAU^A ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



tance in front of the others, wMch are in a continuous series ; 

 the two first being single-barrelled, and the three last, or the 

 three true molars, double-barrelled. 



In the lower jaw a sharp pointed tooth, corresponding with 

 that in the upper jaw, is situated in the same way ; and takes 

 the place of the first in the series. The intervening space 

 between this and the continuous line contains the second or 

 small deciduous molar. The remaining four teeth are placed 

 together, the first of these (or third of the whole series) con- 

 sisting of a similar cylinder, and the three permanent molars, 

 as is usual with the Kuminants, being double-barrelled with 

 the exception of the last, which is triple-barrelled. Finally, 

 as in the Sheep and Antelopes, the cyhnders are well defined, 

 and without any approach to accessory pillars. 



There are two canines in the upper jaw, as we find in 

 another section of the Euminantia. 



The presence of incisive teeth in the uj)per jaw is peculiar 

 to the Camel as a ruminant. Of these teeth there are two, 

 corresj)onding in position to the outer incisors, and similar in 

 form to the canines. In taking a lateral view of the skull 

 this similarity of form in the incisor, canine, and first molar, 

 gives the appearance of three canines in the upper jaw. 



In the lower jaw there are, as is normal in the family, 

 eight incisors, differing in form from those of other genera — 

 the outer ones taking the simple and pointed form as 

 described above, and the six intermediate ones being more 

 regular in proportions than is usual in Ruminants, and 

 having on each side a nick or hollow on the grinding sui'face. 



The teeth of the Camel, then, are as follows : — 



Upper Jaxv. — 2 Incisors. 

 2 Canines. 

 12 Molars, two of which are pointed and have 

 been termed second canines. 



Lower Jaw. — 8 Incisors, two of which are pointed. 



12 Molars, two of which are pointed, and two 

 deciduous at an early age. 



The chief peculiarities of the skull are — 



1. Narrowness of muzzle. 



2. Advanced position and prominence of orbits. 



3. Elevation of sagittal and occipital crests and develop- 



ment of temporal fossse. 



4. Narrovraess of nasal bones at the posterior extremity. 



5. Extreme depth of maxillary bone, producing an arched 



appearance in the nose of the animal. 



6. Form of sj)henoid and basillary portion. 



7. Number of bones on the external nasal aperture. 



