232 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



the nasals, and the great distance between that point and the 

 anterior border of the orbit, distmctly shown. In the fossil 

 there is a strong resemblance in aU these poiats to the species 

 now existing ; the sweUmg of the frontal is as highly de- 

 veloped, and the deep supercihary notch as well defined. 

 The narrowness of the nasal bones on their approach to the 

 frontals is well marked, as also that space occupied by the 

 membranous portion in rear of the nasal bones ; and the 

 superciliary foramina correspond in size and position, being 

 placed as remote from the orbit as in the living animal. In 

 viewing this fragment laterally we observe that the orbit has 

 an excess of length on its antero-posterior diameter, the orbit 

 of the existing Camel being either a perfect circle, or having 

 the excess of length in its vertical dimension (Plate XVIII. 

 fig. 1, or F.A.S. PL LXXXVI. 4 a). The mutUated state of 

 this fragment (see fig. 4, PI. LXXXYI., P.A.S., giving an 

 upper representation of the fossil) does not admit of remark 

 or comparison further than that the animal to which it 

 belonged was far advanced in age, and had arrived at that 

 period and state of dentition when the obliteration of the 

 crescentic hues was complete, and when the grinding surface 

 consisted of ivory with an imperfect margin of enamel. The 

 second or thu'd false molars, or those with a smgle cylinder, 

 are here in position ; exhibituag a remarkable afiinity to those 

 in the existing Camel both in form and in the contrasted 

 obliquity of wear (to front and rear respectively in the first and 

 second teeth), which is such a peculiarfeature in the old animal. 



Fig. 2 of Plate XVIII. (or F.A.S. Plate LXXXVI. fig. 3) is 

 a representation of another fragment ; both jaws being locked 

 together, but the anterior and posterior extremities, with the 

 upper surface of the skuU, wanting. The animal from which 

 this remain originated was young — its ultimate permanent 

 tooth not completely developed, and the third milk molar 

 still in position. The general character is that of the present 

 Camel, the form of maxillaries, thickness of lower jaw and 

 external appearance of teeth, corresj)onding as closely as two 

 skulls of one species would do in the animal now existing. 

 The position of the sub- orbital foramen, however, is rather 

 higher up on the maxillary, and the diminution in depth or 

 taperiag of the lower jaw is not so considerable as we observe 

 to be the case in the existing Camel. 



Figs. 3 and 4 of Plate XVIII. (or F.A.S. PI. LXXXVI. 

 figs. 6 and 6 a) give us a still further insight into the form 

 of the head of the fossU Camel. The lower jaw (with the 

 exception of the upper portion of the ascending branches 

 including the condyle and coronoid processes) is quite perfect ; 

 and the lines of molars of the upper jaw are also in position. 



