236 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



rises at nearly a right angle from the line of jaw; it has con- 

 siderable breadth on its antero-posterior dimension, and its 

 coronoid process is short, straight, and massive. In the fossil 

 Camel the ascending branch is as oblique as in the Ox ; it has 

 no excess of breadth on its antero-posterior dimension, and 

 its coronoid process is long, slightly ciirved back, and slender. 

 Here are points of difference sufficiently striking, but there is 

 a still further difference in the form of the condyle, that of 

 the fossil having a much longer transverse diameter than in 

 the existing Camel ; its proportions are much more slender, 

 and the depression on its upper margin much deeper. We 

 may remark, however, that the slenderness of the fossil con- 

 dyle is only comj)arative with reference to that of the same 

 geims now existing, and that it bears no resemblance whatever 

 to the condyle of either the Buffalo, Ox, or other Ruminants. 

 The condyles of the two former ai'e much slighter, and the 

 upper articulating surface much narrower than in the Camel. 



On the peculiarity of form above described as appertaining 

 to the ramus of the lower jaw, we are naturally struck by the 

 close resemblance it bears to that of the horned Ruminants, 

 and its marked variation from the same bone belonging to the 

 Camel of the present day ; and we should be inclined to refer to 

 the extreme length of the coronoid process as a point tending, 

 in all probability, to unravel the mystery, were we not struck 

 with the discrepancies that appear even amongst animals of 

 the same species, in the length and dimensions of this process. 



The length and breadth of the coronoid process appear to 

 be distinguishing features in all animals where there is a 

 great depth of the temporal fossa, and great elevation of the 

 zygomatic arch ; and also in those animals possessing the 

 power of great lateral motion of the condyle in the glenoid 

 cavity. Amongst the former may be included all the Carni- 

 vora and predatory animals ; amongst the latter, the Rumi- 

 nantia, to which only we shall at present refer, although 

 there appears to be considerable obscurity as to the changes 

 that modification of form of this process entails upon the 

 j)hysical economy of the animal. 



The CcifriclcB, including Antelopes, appear to have the 

 coronoid process more developed than the Bos ; the Bos more 

 than the Camel. We observe that this process in the common 

 Goat, G. Mrcus, is long and broad, and in the A. Chikarra 

 long but narrow ; in the A. tetracornis it is short. In two 

 specimens of the male and the female of the ISTylGhau {A.pida, 

 Pallas), we observe that the female has an exceedingly long 

 coronoid process, much curved to the rear ; whereas that of 

 the male is short, straight, and pointed. We could give 

 additional instances, were it necessary, for a want of any rule 



